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IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference

A Cluster-based Cooperative Jamming Scheme for Secure Communication in Wireless Sensor Network

Tian Zhu, Fei Tong

Published Nov 1, 2020• 5 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The environment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) makes the communication not only have the broadcast nature of wireless transmission, but also be limited to the low power and communication capability of sensor equipment. Both of them make it hard to ensure the confidentiality of communication. In this paper, we propose a cluster-based cooperative jamming scheme based on physical layer security for WSNs. The mathematical principle of the scheme is based on the design principle of code division multiple access. By using the orthogonality of orthogonal vectors, the legitimate receiver can effectively eliminate the noise, which is generated by the cooperative jamming nodes to disturb the eavesdropper. This scheme enables the legitimate receiver to ensure a strong communication confidentiality even if there is no location or channel advantage comparing with eavesdroppers. Through extensive simulations, the security performance of the proposed scheme is investigated in terms of secrecy rate.

DOI
10.1109/vtc2020-fall49728.2020.9348528

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The environment of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) makes the communication not only have the broadcast nature of wireless transmission, but also be limited to the low power and communication capability of sensor equipment. Both of them make it hard to ensure the confidentiality of communication. In this paper, we propose a cluster-based cooperative jamming scheme based on physical layer security for WSNs. The mathematical principle of the scheme is based on the design principle of code division multiple access. By using the orthogonality of orthogonal vectors, the legitimate receiver can effectively eliminate the noise, which is generated by the cooperative jamming nodes to disturb the eavesdropper. This scheme enables the legitimate receiver to ensure a strong communication confidentiality even if there is no location or channel advantage comparing with eavesdroppers. Through extensive simulations, the security performance of the proposed scheme is investigated in terms of secrecy rate.
Security functionality handled by higher layers of OSI model is a costly affair due to key management and complex mathematical encryption-decryption mechanisms in the scalable networks like wireless sensor networks (WSNs). WSN consists of resource constrained tiny sensor nodes for which battery is their lifetime. Physical layer security is the cost effective solution for such adhoc networks. The cooperative diversity mechanism makes use of the benefits of wireless sensor network scalability in terms of cooperative resource sharing in which multiple diversity channels are created which results into improved wireless connectivity. Cooperative jamming principle is used where the source transmits the encoded signal and at the same time relay transmits the weighted jamming signal to increase the equivocation of the eavesdropper. This work proposes a novel cooperative jamming mechanism for scalable networks like Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) which makes use of friendly interference to confuse the eavesdropper and increase its uncertainty about the source message. Channel fading is exploited to achieve perfect secrecy. The full communication link is built with the help of Information theoretic source and channel coding mechanisms. The whole idea is to make use of normally inactive relay nodes in the selective Decode and Forward cooperative communication and make them work as cooperative jamming sources to increase the equivocation of the eavesdropper. In this work, eavesdropper’s channel’s equivocation is compared with the main channel in terms of mutual information and secrecy capacity.
In this paper, we investigate physical layer network coding (PNC) and destination assisted cooperative jamming (DACJ) for physical layer security in wireless sensor networks, in which there is one source, one destination, a cluster of intermediate nodes, and multiple eavesdroppers. Under the PNC protocol, the considered two-hop wireless sensor network implements a complete transmission process in two phases. In the first phase, through sending a jamming signal from the destination and exploiting the PNC at the relay, the relay decodes the exclusive-OR (XOR) performed form of the source and the jamming message. Therefore, the jamming signal can degrade the wire-tap channels without hampering the legitimate channel. In the second phase, the relay transmits the re-encoded message to the destination while eavesdroppers are out of work as they cannot extract information from the signal. Thus, the proposed design can significantly improve the performance of secure wireless communications. Meanwhile, the proposed schemes select one optimal node from the intermediate nodes and give an optimal solution of power allocation to maximize secrecy capacity. Numerical simulation results show that the proposed schemes have a better and more stable secrecy performance than the conventional schemes at the same power consumption.
This paper considers the physical layer security for the cluster-based cooperative wireless sensor networks (WSNs), where each node is equipped with a single antenna and sensor nodes cooperate at each cluster of the network to form a virtual multi-input multi-output (MIMO) communication architecture. We propose a joint cooperative beamforming and jamming scheme to enhance the security of the WSNs where a part of sensor nodes in Alice's cluster are deployed to transmit beamforming signals to Bob while a part of sensor nodes in Bob's cluster are utilized to jam Eve with artificial noise. The optimization of beamforming and jamming vectors to minimize total energy consumption satisfying the quality-of-service (QoS) constraints is a NP-hard problem. Fortunately, through reformulation, the problem is proved to be a quadratically constrained quadratic problem (QCQP) which can be solved by solving constraint integer programs (SCIP) algorithm. Finally, we give the simulation results of our proposed scheme.
Interference is generally considered as the redundant and unwanted occurrence in wireless communication. This work proposes a novel cooperative jamming mechanism for scalable networks like Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) which makes use of friendly interference to confuse the eavesdropper and increase its uncertainty about the source message. The whole communication link is built with the help of Information theoretic source and channel coding mechanisms. The whole idea is to make use of normally inactive relay nodes in the selective Decode and Forward cooperative communication and make them work as cooperative jamming sources to increase the equivocation of the eavesdropper. In this work, eavesdropper’s equivocation is compared with the main channel in terms of mutual information and secrecy capacity.
As Internet of Things (IoT) has boomed in recent years, many security issues have also been exposed. Focusing on physical layer security in wireless Internet of Things network communication, a series of security methods have been widely studied. Nevertheless, cooperative jamming methods in physical layer security to fight against collusive eavesdroppers have not been thoroughly studied yet. In this article, we study a cooperative-jamming-based physical layer secure transmission scheme for Internet of Things wireless networks in the presence of collusive eavesdroppers. We design a cooperative jamming strategy without knowing the channel state information of eavesdroppers. Considering the cooperation of multiple nodes with multiple antennas, this strategy can maximize the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio at an actuator (legitimate receiver). Meanwhile, the generated cooperative jamming signals can reduce the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio at eavesdroppers. To explore the theoretical security performance of our strategy, we perform a secrecy outage probability analysis and an asymptotic analysis. In the cases of cooperative jamming and without cooperative jamming, the closed-form expressions of the secrecy outage probability are deduced, and the influence of system parameters on the secrecy outage probability becomes more intuitive through a strict mathematical asymptotic behavior analysis. In addition, considering the energy limitation of Internet of Things devices, we propose a power allocation algorithm to minimize the total transmission power given the security requirements. The numerical results show the effectiveness of our schemes and are consistent with the theoretical analysis.
The broadcast nature of wireless communications makes the propagation medium vulnerable to security attacks such as eavesdropping and jamming from adversarial or unauthorized users. Applying physical layer secrecy approaches will enable the exchange of confidential messages over a wireless medium in the presence of unauthorized eavesdroppers, without using any secret keys. However, physical layer security approaches are typically feasible only when the source-eavesdropper channel is weaker than the source-destination channel. Cooperative jamming can be used to overcome this challenge and increase the secrecy rate. In this paper, the security of two-phase relaying system with multiple intermediate nodes and in the presence of an eavesdropper is investigated. To enhance the system secrecy rate, a joint cooperative beamforming and jamming combined with relay and jammer selections is proposed. In phase I, the source node broadcasts a signal to relays while three intermediate nodes (which act as jammers) help the source node by transmitting random jamming signals to confuse the eavesdropper. Since the friendly (cooperative) jammers create interference for both the intended relays and the eavesdropper, optimal beamforming is applied such that no interference is caused at two preselected desired relays (that are going to receive the confidential massage in phase I). In phase II, two preselected relays transmit the source message with beamforming coefficients such that the received signal at the eavesdropper is completely nulled out. Our goal in this paper is to minimize the received SNR at the eavesdropper while increasing it at the destination as much as possible by applying different methods such as cooperative beamforming, cooperative jamming and relay selection. To avoid operational complexity, we consider the minimum number of intermediate nodes that are necessary without losing the performance. Numerical results demonstrate the advantage of our proposed scheme compared with the scheme with no cooperative jamming.