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IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology (ICCST)

Quantum circuits and quantum message integrity

Tien-Sheng Lin, Ting-Hsu Chang, Chia-Hung Chien, Sy‐Yen Kuo

Published Oct 1, 2011• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In the wireless communication networks, quantum message integrity can be applied with quantum authentication and quantum signature if the source and destination are indirect communication. Eavesdroppers and malicious nodes may exist in the routing path from the source to the destination. There is major threat in the indirect communication. Based on quantum nature, we design quantum permutation model to verify quantum transmission sequence of a quantum transmission frame if an attacker wants to crack the content of a quantum transmission frame. Quantum permutation model can determine the real position of data qubits and verification qubits. However, Eves is not able to obtain the position of date qubits because quantum permutation switching cannot be owned by Eve. So quantum transmission sequence can be reserved. The receiver has the capability to verify it and obtains the content of data qubits.

DOI
10.1109/ccst.2011.6095928

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In the wireless communication networks, quantum message integrity can be applied with quantum authentication and quantum signature if the source and destination are indirect communication. Eavesdroppers and malicious nodes may exist in the routing path from the source to the destination. There is major threat in the indirect communication. Based on quantum nature, we design quantum permutation model to verify quantum transmission sequence of a quantum transmission frame if an attacker wants to crack the content of a quantum transmission frame. Quantum permutation model can determine the real position of data qubits and verification qubits. However, Eves is not able to obtain the position of date qubits because quantum permutation switching cannot be owned by Eve. So quantum transmission sequence can be reserved. The receiver has the capability to verify it and obtains the content of data qubits.
Quantum communication networks need to securely transmit a quantum frame from source to destination. In the wireless communication network, source and destination have two types of connection: direct or indirect communication. In the direct connected mode, the transmission security can be achieved by using a quantum key distribution. In the indirect connected mode, it is a difficult problem to deal with the unsafe routing path from source to destination due to eavesdropping and man- in-the-middle attack. In this paper, we propose a quantum mechanism that designs a flexible quantum frame to achieve transmission integrity. This frame uses a quantum correlated key to let the receiver has the capability to judge whether the received quantum frame is secure or not. This mechanism provides a new solution to solve the transmission security in the unsafe routing path.
In the wireless communication network, transmitting messages from sender to receiver may traverse several intermediate nodes. Any eavesdropper can attack in the communication channel, and any malicious intermediate node can act as receiver to intercept the message. The secure routing path must solve channel attacks and attacks in the malicious node. In the classical field, the solution of the channel attacks is conditional security and we can not provide secure communication in the routing path from sender to receiver. In the quantum field, the security of the authentication protocol is based on the laws of nature, including no-cloning theorem and quantum teleportation. According to the property of no-cloning theorem and quantum teleportation, we can use the shared quantum entangled particles between communicators for liar detection problem. In the quantum cryptography, the security of the authentication protocol is unconditional security. This paper designs the two-way secure communication protocol, which can set up the secure routing path from sender to receiver. The two-way secure communication protocol includes the sender oriented checking and the receiver oriented checking. By using quantum sharing table, these checking schemes investigate whether the routing path is secure or not. In the beginning, the sender and receiver pre-share a quantum sharing table to detect all the dishonest nodes. The quantum sharing table acts as a quantum key distribution which can not be stolen by any Eve.
In the mobile wireless communication network, the network is a dynamic topology. In addition, mobile ad hoc network is a vulnerable network. The message transmitted from source to destination may traverse several intermediate nodes. The sender and receiver need set up a routing path from source to destination. It is a hard problem to build a secure routing path from source to destination because an attacker, malicious node or eavesdropper, may attack any part of a routing path from source to destination. Therefore, to prevent or to detect the randomized attacks from an attacker becomes the difficult problem. In order to deal with randomized attacks in the routing path, this paper designs a secure quantum mechanism which can provide that the transferred quantum packet is secure between the sender and receiver. This mechanism proposes a new concept, a flexible quantum frame which randomly permutes the data qubits and the control qubits. In addition, the proposed mechanism supports a special relation between the data qubits and the control qubits. The sender and receiver have the agreement to know this special relation. Based on this special relation, the data security of transferred quantum packet can be achieved.
This paper proposes a novel work to design reversible quantum circuits. The function of this circuit is to investigate quantum transmission integrity in the quantum communication networks. This work is to verify quantum transmission sequence of a quantum frame by using reversible quantum model. This model designs control module to derive the correlation between two quantum strings: quantum input sequence and quantum output sequence. If a quantum frame reserves the correlation, then we can obtain quantum transmission sequence. So, quantum transmission integrity of a quantum frame can be verified.
In this paper, we use the technique of entanglement swapping to exchange quantum message among sharing parties. For Bell measurements, quantum teleportation can provide long-distance quantum transmission when sharing parties are disconnected. The proposed mutual authentication protocol has the capability to securely identify each other under an unsafe routing path. Eavesdropping and malicious nodes may exist in the routing path. For quantum authentication protocol, it is called location-release problem. The proposed approach can solve this problem. Furthermore, source can transfer quantum message to destination in a secure way.
This paper designs quantum testing circuit to detect intermediate malicious node and achieve message integrity in the distributed quantum computing. The proposed mechanism has several improvements shown as follows. The random key generation between Alice and Bob such that an attack cannot break this deriving process. Local unitary operations and quantum teleportation in the entangled particles can be used to transfer quantum information in a secure way. For intermediate node has no capability to differentiate which qubit is quantum superposition state or quantum entangled state. In regard to node detection, the receiver has the capability to judge whether intermediate node is honest or not by using quantum testing circuit. Based on this physical property, quantum circuit could be detect malicious node and achieve message integrity. The proposed circuit is scalable.