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arXiv:2002.07409 · Physical Review A

Magnetically induced optical transparency with an ultranarrow spectrum

Guohui Dong, Dazhi Xu, Peng Zhang

Published Sep 11, 2020• 8 citations
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Abstract

Magnetically induced optical transparency (MIOT) is a technique to realize the narrow transmission spectrum in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system, which is demonstrated in a recent experiment of cold $^{88}\mathrm{Sr}$ atoms in an optical cavity [M. N. Winchester, M. A. Norcia, J. R. K. Cline, and J. K. Thompson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 263601 (2017)]. In this experiment, MIOT induces a new narrow transmission window for the probe beam, which is highly immune to the fluctuation of the cavity mode frequency. The linewidth of this transmission window approaches the decay rate of the electronic $^{3}P_{1}$ state [about $(2\ensuremath{\pi})\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}7.5\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}]$ and is much less than the uncertainty of the cavity mode frequency [about $(2\ensuremath{\pi})\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}150\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}]$. In this paper, we propose an approach to further reduce the linewidth of this MIOT-induced transmission window, with the help of two Raman beams which couple the electronic $^{3}P_{1}$ state to the $^{3}S_{1}$ state, and the $^{3}S_{1}$ state to the $^{3}P_{0}$ state, respectively. With this approach, one can reduce the transmission linewidth by orders of magnitude. Moreover, the peak value of the relative transmission power or the transmission rate of the probe beam is almost unchanged by the Raman beams, and the peak position is insensitive to the average frequency of the two Raman beams.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.102.033717

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Magnetically induced optical transparency (MIOT) is a technique to realize the narrow transmission spectrum in a cavity quantum electrodynamics system, which is demonstrated in a recent experiment of cold 88Sr^{88}\mathrm{Sr}88Sr atoms in an optical cavity [M. N. Winchester, M. A. Norcia, J. R. K. Cline, and J. K. Thompson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 263601 (2017)]. In this experiment, MIOT induces a new narrow transmission window for the probe beam, which is highly immune to the fluctuation of the cavity mode frequency. The linewidth of this transmission window approaches the decay rate of the electronic 3P1^{3}P_{1}3P1​ state [about (2\ensuremathπ)7.5kHz](2\ensuremath{\pi})\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}7.5\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}](2\ensuremathπ)7.5kHz] and is much less than the uncertainty of the cavity mode frequency [about (2\ensuremathπ)150kHz](2\ensuremath{\pi})\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}150\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{kHz}](2\ensuremathπ)150kHz]. In this paper, we propose an approach to further reduce the linewidth of this MIOT-induced transmission window, with the help of two Raman beams which couple the electronic 3P1^{3}P_{1}3P1​ state to the 3S1^{3}S_{1}3S1​ state, and the 3S1^{3}S_{1}3S1​ state to the 3P0^{3}P_{0}3P0​ state, respectively. With this approach, one can reduce the transmission linewidth by orders of magnitude. Moreover, the peak value of the relative transmission power or the transmission rate of the probe beam is almost unchanged by the Raman beams, and the peak position is insensitive to the average frequency of the two Raman beams.
In this Letter we realize a narrow spectroscopic feature using a technique that we refer to as magnetically induced optical transparency. A cold ensemble of ^{88}Sr atoms interacts with a single mode of a high-finesse optical cavity via the 7.5 kHz linewidth, spin forbidden ^{1}S_{0} to ^{3}P_{1} transition. By applying a magnetic field that shifts two excited state Zeeman levels, we open a transmission window through the cavity where the collective vacuum Rabi splitting due to a single level would create destructive interference for probe transmission. The spectroscopic feature approaches the atomic transition linewidth, which is much narrower than the cavity linewidth, and is highly immune to the reference cavity length fluctuations that limit current state-of-the-art laser frequency stability.
Cavity electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is created in a three-level atomic system confined in a cavity and coupled to a free-space control laser and is manifested as a narrow transmission peak of a probe laser coupled into the cavity mode and tuned to the two-photon Raman resonance with the control laser. Cavity EIT can be observed with a control laser detuned from the atomic transition frequency in a range limited by the vacuum Rabi splitting of two cavity-atom normal modes. This leads to the broadband cavity EIT obtained in the coupled-cavity-atom system with a free-space, broadband control laser. We report an experimental observation of broadband cavity EIT in cold Rb atoms with a frequency-modulated control laser and discuss its application in multichannel and multifrequency light memory.
In electromagnetically induced transparency, the scattering rate of a probe beam is greatly reduced due to destructive interference between two dressed atomic states produced by a strong laser beam. Here we show that a similar reduction in the single-photon scattering rate can be achieved by tuning a probe beam to be halfway between the resonant frequencies of two modes of a cavity. This technique is expected to be useful in enhancing two-photon absorption while reducing losses due to single-photon scattering.
Counterpropagating, spatially separated hollow pump and coaxial probe laser beams generate narrow Zeeman electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonances in the vacuum Rb cell. The lasers are locked to D2 line transition Fg=2→Fe=1 of Rb87. For the probe laser beam intensity between 0.1 and 3.0 mW/cm2 this Ramsey-type configuration yields dual-structured resonances having a narrow peak on top of a broader pedestal. Linewidths of the narrow peak are nearly independent of the probe laser beam intensity and of the probe diameter (for diameters 0.8 and 2.7 mm), provided that the dark region between the pump and the probe beams is fixed. At the probe laser beam intensities below 0.1 mW/cm2 Zeeman EIT is a single narrow resonance. With this geometry of laser beams, and at low probe intensity, the presence of the pump enables the probe EIT, i.e., the probe transmission becomes enhanced in a narrow spectral window. Accompanying theoretical model showed good quantitative agreement with the measurements.