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arXiv:physics/9904033

Four-state N-atom as a simple theoretical model for electromagnetically induced absorption

A. V. Taǐchenachev, Anatolii M Tumaikin, Valeriy I. Yudin

Published Apr 16, 1999• 0 citations
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Abstract

A simple theoretical model describing the positive sign of subnatural-width absorption resonances in the recent experiment of Akulshin and co-workers (Phys. Rev. A, {\bf 57}, 2996 (1998)) is proposed. An analytical expression for the linear response to the weak probe field is found in the low-saturation limit with respect to the control field. It is shown that the positive sign of subnatural resonance is caused by the spontaneous transfer of the light-induced coherence from the excited level to the ground one.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.physics/9904033

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A simple theoretical model describing the positive sign of subnatural-width absorption resonances in the recent experiment of Akulshin and co-workers (Phys. Rev. A, {\bf 57}, 2996 (1998)) is proposed. An analytical expression for the linear response to the weak probe field is found in the low-saturation limit with respect to the control field. It is shown that the positive sign of subnatural resonance is caused by the spontaneous transfer of the light-induced coherence from the excited level to the ground one.
A simple theoretical model describing the positive sign of subnatural-width absorption resonances in the recent experiment of Akulshin and co-workers [Phys. Rev. A 57, 2996 (1998)] is proposed. An analytical expression for the linear response to the weak probe field is found in the low-saturation limit with respect to the control field. It is shown that the positive sign of subnatural resonance is caused by the spontaneous transfer of the light-induced coherence from the excited level to the ground one.
Summary form only given. It is well-known that nonlinear interference effects in the resonant atom-light interaction can lead to interesting and important phenomena, such as electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) of atomic medium, coherent population trapping, lasing without inversion, and others. Common to all these phenomena is the appearance of light-induced coherence between atomic levels, which are not coupled by dipole transitions. Recently Akulshin and co-workers (1998-9) have observed subnatural-width resonances in the absorption on the D/sub 2/ line of rubidium vapor under excitation by two copropagating optical waves with variable frequency offset. It is remarkable that, apart from expected EIT-resonances with negative sign, authors detected positive resonances termed as electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA). More recently, similar effects in a (3+5)-state system have been described as a result of constructive interference of the dipole excitation channels. We propose a simple theoretical model for EIA - a four-state N-atom. Remember that three-state /spl Lambda/- and V-systems give the EIT-resonances only.
In this paper we reveal that the constructive interference of atomic coherence on absorption leads to electromagnetically induced absorption,which is in sharp contrast to the case in which destructive interference of atomic coherence gives rise to electromagnetically induced transparency. A four-level atomic system is employed in which three transitions are in N configuration and the middle transition is used as a probe transition. In the dressed states representation the probe transition is split into four transitions that are coupled to each other. The coupling originates from the spontaneous emission of the atomic medium and the spontaneous transfer from excited state coherence to ground state coherence. The former leads to couplings between all transitions with the same sign and to the absorption reduction. The latter results in couplings,of which t wo terms have positive sign and another two have negative sign. It is due to the couplings with positive and negative signs that significant modification of the contribution of dressed coherence to absorption occurs,i.e., absorption inhibition is changed to absorption enhancement.
Nonlinear laser spectroscopy is considered in the scheme of two collinear waves with arbitrary elliptical polarizations. Emphasis is placed on investigating the nonlinear corrections in the absorption spectrum of one of the waves. The spontaneous transfer of low-frequency Zeeman coherence is shown to affect the sign of the subnatural-width resonance. For a closed transition, the direction of the resonance profile has been found to depend only on the angular momenta F e and F g . On this basis, a classification has been developed for various transitions by the direction of the subnatural-width resonance profile.
Abstract Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) resonances excited by a strong two-frequency field are considered for various values of the total angular momenta of the ground (F g) and excited (F e) states at a degenerated optical closed transition F g → F e. The light field is formed by two co-propagating waves with arbitrary elliptical polarisations. The process of spontaneous transfer of anisotropy from the excited state to the ground state is shown to determine the formation of the EIA resonance at the transition F g = F → F e = F + 1. The results obtained generalise the classification of transitions into ‘bright’ (F g = F → F e = F + 1) and ‘dark’ (F g = F → F e = F and F g = F → F e = F – 1) transitions with respect to the direction of a subnatural resonance.