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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics

Electromagnetically induced absorption and electromagnetically induced transparency for optical transitions F g → F e in the field of elliptically polarized waves

Д. Б. Лазебный, Denis V. Brazhnikov, А. В. Тайченачев, M. Yu. Basalaev, Valeriy I. Yudin

Published Dec 1, 2015• 24 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Nonlinear laser spectroscopy is considered in the scheme of two collinear waves with arbitrary elliptical polarizations. Emphasis is placed on investigating the nonlinear corrections in the absorption spectrum of one of the waves. The spontaneous transfer of low-frequency Zeeman coherence is shown to affect the sign of the subnatural-width resonance. For a closed transition, the direction of the resonance profile has been found to depend only on the angular momenta F e and F g . On this basis, a classification has been developed for various transitions by the direction of the subnatural-width resonance profile.

DOI
10.1134/s1063776115120146

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Nonlinear laser spectroscopy is considered in the scheme of two collinear waves with arbitrary elliptical polarizations. Emphasis is placed on investigating the nonlinear corrections in the absorption spectrum of one of the waves. The spontaneous transfer of low-frequency Zeeman coherence is shown to affect the sign of the subnatural-width resonance. For a closed transition, the direction of the resonance profile has been found to depend only on the angular momenta F e and F g . On this basis, a classification has been developed for various transitions by the direction of the subnatural-width resonance profile.
Abstract Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) resonances excited by a strong two-frequency field are considered for various values of the total angular momenta of the ground (F g) and excited (F e) states at a degenerated optical closed transition F g → F e. The light field is formed by two co-propagating waves with arbitrary elliptical polarisations. The process of spontaneous transfer of anisotropy from the excited state to the ground state is shown to determine the formation of the EIA resonance at the transition F g = F → F e = F + 1. The results obtained generalise the classification of transitions into ‘bright’ (F g = F → F e = F + 1) and ‘dark’ (F g = F → F e = F and F g = F → F e = F – 1) transitions with respect to the direction of a subnatural resonance.
Outside of the perturbation theory for bichromatic field of two co-propagating elliptically polarized waves, the type of the subnatural (electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) or absorption (EIA)) resonance is theoretically found to determined only by the angular momenta of the ground (Fg) and the excited (Fe) states of atomic gas. Herewith, the spontaneous transfer of anisotropy from the excited state to the ground one leads to the formation of the EIA resonance at the transition Fg= F → Fe= F + 1.
Abstract The physical processes that form the saturated absorption resonance spectra on the atomic transition with level momenta J= 1/2 in the field of unidirectional waves of arbitrary intensities are investigated both analytically and numerically. It is shown that the narrow structures of the nonlinear resonance spectra (resonances of electromagnetic-induced transparency and absorption) and the processes forming them are determined by the direction of the light wave polarizations, degree of openness of the atomic transition, and the saturating wave intensity. The conditions under which the nonlinear resonance is exclusively coherent, due to the magnetic coherence of transition levels, are revealed.
Using a 1 --> 2 transition as an analytically tractable model, we discuss in detail magneto-optical resonances of both electromagnetically induced absorption (EIA) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) types in the Hanle configuration. The analysis is made for an arbitrary rate of depolarizing collisions in the excited state and an arbitrary elliptical field polarization. The obtained results clearly show that the main reason for the EIA subnatural resonance is the spontaneous transfer of anisotropy from the excited level to the ground level. In the EIA case we predict the negative structures in the absorption resonance at large field detuning. The role of the finite atom-light interaction time is briefly discussed. In addition we study nontrivial peculiarities of the resonance line shape related to the velocity spread in a gas.
We propose the effective and easy method for controlling a sign of narrow resonances of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and absorption (EIA). These nonlinear resonances are the bright examples of the nonlinear effects based on the low-frequency atomic coherences. Here we explore the general light polarizations and various types of atomic transitions. For convenience we use the Hanle configuration for observing the EIT and EIA signals. The scheme is composed of two counterpropagating overlapped light waves with the same frequency and the static magnetic field applied along the cell. The sign of the resonance can be governed by varying either the angle between the polarizations or the ellipticity parameters. The calculations have shown that the sign-reversal effect exists for the dark-type atomic transitions as well as for the bright ones (i.e. F→F+1). We also give some analytical results and clear physical interpretation. Some of the theoretical conclusions have been proved by the experiments (D1-line in87Rb). Also, it should be specially mentioned that the method proposed can provide the high-contrast EIA resonances even in the presence of a buffer gas, when the collisional depolarization of the exited state takes place.
Abstract The physical processes that form the spectra of saturated absorption resonances at atomic transitions between energy levels with angular momenta J = 1/2 and J = 1 in the field of two unidirectional linearly polarised laser waves are studied analytically and numerically. It is shown that the specific features of the resonance spectra are formed in the Λ-schemes of transitions and manifest themselves in the form of narrow coherent structures – dips due to the magnetic coherence (optical orientation) of the transition levels induced by the optical fields. In this case, the energy levels of the lower state make the main contribution, and the contribution of the transfer of magnetic coherence from the sublevels of the upper state to the lower ones in the resonance amplitude manifests itself as an additive. Conditions are found under which the nonlinear resonance is exclusively coherent. The effect of the saturating wave field on the shape of coherent resonance structures is studied.