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Quantum Electronics

Magnetic coherence effects in the spectroscopy of transitions between energy levels with total angular momenta J = 1/2 and J = 1 using unidirectional waves

Э. Г. Сапрыкин, А. А. Черненко

Published Jun 1, 2022• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract The physical processes that form the spectra of saturated absorption resonances at atomic transitions between energy levels with angular momenta J = 1/2 and J = 1 in the field of two unidirectional linearly polarised laser waves are studied analytically and numerically. It is shown that the specific features of the resonance spectra are formed in the Λ-schemes of transitions and manifest themselves in the form of narrow coherent structures – dips due to the magnetic coherence (optical orientation) of the transition levels induced by the optical fields. In this case, the energy levels of the lower state make the main contribution, and the contribution of the transfer of magnetic coherence from the sublevels of the upper state to the lower ones in the resonance amplitude manifests itself as an additive. Conditions are found under which the nonlinear resonance is exclusively coherent. The effect of the saturating wave field on the shape of coherent resonance structures is studied.

DOI
10.1070/qel18063

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Abstract The physical processes that form the saturated absorption resonance spectra on the atomic transition with level momenta J= 1/2 in the field of unidirectional waves of arbitrary intensities are investigated both analytically and numerically. It is shown that the narrow structures of the nonlinear resonance spectra (resonances of electromagnetic-induced transparency and absorption) and the processes forming them are determined by the direction of the light wave polarizations, degree of openness of the atomic transition, and the saturating wave intensity. The conditions under which the nonlinear resonance is exclusively coherent, due to the magnetic coherence of transition levels, are revealed.
Physical processes forming resonance spectra of the saturated absorption and magnetic scanning on transition with level moments J = 1-J = 2 in the field of unidirectional waves of arbitrary intensities are numerically studied. It is shown that the anomalies of nonlinear resonance spectra are determined by the character of wave polarizations and by the degree of openness of atomic transition, and the anomalies of the magnetic scanning spectra are due to the magnetic coherence of the lower state levels, and not to its transfer from the excited states, as previously thought.
Physical processes that form the spectra of saturated absorption and magnetic scanning resonances on an atomic transition with level momentum J = 1 in the field of unidirectional waves of arbitrary intensity under variation in their polarization directions are investigated by numerical simulation and analytically. It is shown that anomalies in nonlinear resonance spectra are determined by the polarization of the waves and the degree of openness of the atomic transition, while anomalies in the experimentally observed magnetic scanning spectra are attributed to the magnetic coherence induced by the fields directly on the levels of the lower state, rather than to its transfer from the excited states, as was assumed earlier.
Abstract The formation of spectra of saturated-absorption resonances on the atomic transitions with level momenta J = 0 → J = 1 and J = 1 → J = 2 are investigated, both numerically and analytically, by the method of unidirectional linearly polarised laser waves in order to determine how the transition openness (radiation branching) affects these spectra. It is shown that, along with quantitative changes, determined by the relaxation constants of levels, value of their splitting, polarisation orientation, and wave intensities, the spectra undergo qualitative changes with a change in the degree of atomic transition openness.
The shapes of the saturated absorption resonances at transitions from the ground 1S0 atom state in a gas medium in the field of two unidirectional waves are investigated both analytically and numerically. It is shown for the first time that the spectra of nonlinear resonances are formed by processes in the two-and three-level V-schemes resulting from the degeneracy of the upper P transition state, are qualitatively different at the resonant transition and transitions to the more excited atom states. It is established that the physical causes for differences of these spectra are due to the different degree of branching of the radiation from the excited to the ground state (the degree of openness) of transition. The degree of openness of transition determines the amount of contributions of coherent processes to the resonance shapes both in the system of two levels (coherent population beats) and three levels (nonlinear interference effect).
Abstract Nonlinear absorption of a probe field in a system of degenerate levels of an atom characterized by a total moment of J = 1 in unidirectional waves is studied analytically and numerically taking into account saturation by its own spontaneous emission (OSE). The trends in changes of the amplitude and frequency characteristics of the nonlinear resonance associated with open and closed types of transitions for different polarizations of the waves that are introduced by self-saturation are established. Specific manifestations of the effect, including those related to magnetic coherence of levels, are revealed.