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Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials

Dynamic control of supercontinuum generation in semiconductor quantum wells through modulated nonlinearity and dispersion

Nitu Borgohain, Rohit Hazra, Rohit Mukherjee, Nikita Dasgupta

Published May 22, 2026• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

In this paper, we present the dynamics of supercontinuum (SC) generation in an asymmetric semiconductor quantum well (SQW) system employing modulated nonlinearity and dispersion under an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window. Specifically, we utilize a weak probe pulse in the system, which is modulated by a strong control field, exploiting the phenomenon of EIT. Adjusting the control field parameters, we obtain large nonlinearities of the order [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] at probe wavelengths [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. The corresponding dispersion values are [Formula: see text] (for anomalous dispersion) and [Formula: see text] (for normal dispersion), respectively. We investigate the generation of a supercontinuum in the system separately for both the dispersion regimes by using a narrow-band Gaussian pulse. In the regime of anomalous dispersion, the broadening of the SC is mainly governed by the nonlinear processes like the self-phase modulation (SPM), the dispersive wave emission and the soliton self-frequency shift. These nonlinearities manifest into a highly modulated spectral profile with a span of around four octaves ([Formula: see text]3–11.5[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m). However, in the domain of normal dispersion, the SC is dominated by SPM, extending asymmetrically to the higher wavelength side owing to the third-order dispersion. This results in the formation of a smooth and practically flat spectrum, but with a reduced bandwidth of around 3[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m. Our study highlights the versatility of EIT-assisted nonlinear optical control in SQW systems and refers to their possible use in the development of broadband light sources for spectroscopy, optical communications and the development of integrated photonic devices.

DOI
10.1142/s0218863526500323

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Journal of the Optical Society of Korea•Sep 25, 2007•8 citations
In this paper, we present the dynamics of supercontinuum (SC) generation in an asymmetric semiconductor quantum well (SQW) system employing modulated nonlinearity and dispersion under an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window. Specifically, we utilize a weak probe pulse in the system, which is modulated by a strong control field, exploiting the phenomenon of EIT. Adjusting the control field parameters, we obtain large nonlinearities of the order [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] at probe wavelengths [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. The corresponding dispersion values are [Formula: see text] (for anomalous dispersion) and [Formula: see text] (for normal dispersion), respectively. We investigate the generation of a supercontinuum in the system separately for both the dispersion regimes by using a narrow-band Gaussian pulse. In the regime of anomalous dispersion, the broadening of the SC is mainly governed by the nonlinear processes like the self-phase modulation (SPM), the dispersive wave emission and the soliton self-frequency shift. These nonlinearities manifest into a highly modulated spectral profile with a span of around four octaves ([Formula: see text]3–11.5[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m). However, in the domain of normal dispersion, the SC is dominated by SPM, extending asymmetrically to the higher wavelength side owing to the third-order dispersion. This results in the formation of a smooth and practically flat spectrum, but with a reduced bandwidth of around 3[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]m. Our study highlights the versatility of EIT-assisted nonlinear optical control in SQW systems and refers to their possible use in the development of broadband light sources for spectroscopy, optical communications and the development of integrated photonic devices.
Abstract This study investigates the generation of broadband supercontinuum within the mid-infrared spectral range employing a symmetric single quantum well (SSWQ) system when the system is operated in the electromagnetically induced transparency regime. By employing a cascade-type excitation scheme with a low-intensity probe field together with a high-intensity control field, the medium exhibits strongly reduced linear absorption along with enhanced Kerr nonlinearity. At a probe wavelength of  9.741 μ m\:9.741\:\mu\:m9.741μm, the system attains a large nonlinear coefficient and weak group-velocity dispersion, enabling efficient nonlinear pulse evolution at comparatively low excitation powers. The influence of self-phase modulation is initially examined using various non-Gaussian input pulse shapes, such as sinh-Gaussian, cosh-Gaussian, and tanh-Gaussian profiles. Among these, tanh-Gaussian pulse produces the strongest SPM-induced spectral broadening. Further, numerical investigation incorporating higher-order dispersion along with enhanced Kerr nonlinearity results efficient SC generation mediated by SPM, modulation instability, four-wave mixing, and soliton dynamics. The tanh- Gaussian and cosh-Gaussian pulses generate the widest spectra, extending up to nearly  2.32\:2.322.32 octaves and  2.54\:2.542.54 octaves, respectively, demonstrating the suitability of SSQW systems for compact mid-infrared photonic applications.
Abstract We present a theoretical study of supercontinuum generation in a Rubidium vapor cell under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). A weak probe pulse and a strong control laser beam were utilized within a lambda-type excitation scheme. We identified a significant Kerr nonlinearity on the order of 103 W−1m−1 and low group velocity dispersion on the order of 10−20 s2m−1 in the Rubidium vapor cell of length 2.54 cm at a probe wavelength of 781 nm. These parameters facilitated the generation of a 35nm supercontinuum, characterized by pronounced oscillations resulting from self-phase modulation and optical wave breaking. The findings suggest potential applications in nonlinear optical devices and spectroscopy.
This article explores the modulation instability of a continuous or quasi-continuous weak probe pulse in a three-level asymmetric double quantum wells under an electromagnetically induced transparency regime, controlled by a strong laser beam. The dynamics of modulation instability reveals that the instability gain as well as its bandwidth is greatly influenced by control field Rabi frequency. The probe pulse is found to be almost stable against modulation instability for higher values of control field Rabi frequency. The results of this investigation may potentially apply for oscillation free generation of supercontinuum in quantum well nanostructures.
In this article, we investigate the spectral broadening of cosh-Gaussian pulses which is induced by self-phase modulation (SPM) within the tunneling-induced transparency (TIT) window in an asymmetric multiple-quantum-well system. The study demonstrates how a single laser field, combined with a steady static electric field, enables dynamic control of absorption and dispersion profiles of the system, offering precise control of the group velocity of the applied field. The multiple-quantum-well system exhibits a large Kerr nonlinearity (approximately ${10}^{6}\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}{\text{W}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}{\text{m}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$), which enhances the SPM effect under the TIT window. Our exploration of SPM using cosh-Gaussian pulses demonstrates that higher probe laser powers result in broader spectral widths and increased internal oscillations, especially under strong tunneling strengths. These results suggest promising applications for fine-tuning light propagation in quantum-well systems and offer a more economical approach for optical light-matter interaction experiments, minimizing the need for extensive optics and optomechanical components.
Abstract In this article, we present an alternative excitation scheme for the study of optical responses of the probe field in a five-level semiconductor coupled quantum wells (CQWs). It is shown that in the linear case, our study reveals the formation of double and triple electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) windows for the suitable values of Rabi-frequency of the control fields, while the linear dispersion is also tuned from anomalous to normal and vice versa within small range of detuning. Interestingly, we find that by properly adjusting the appropriate values of control field detunings, the behaviour of optical absorption and transparency is found to be asymmetric in nature. In addition, we also found that due to quantum coherence, nonlinear dispersion, specifically Kerr nonlinearity is dramatically enhanced with nearly vanishing linear absorption under EIT. The Kerr nonlinearity in the present scheme is identified to be very large ( ∼10−13 m2 V−2\:\sim{10}^{-13}\:{m}^{2}\:{V}^{-2}∼10−13m2V−2) in the mid IR range ( λ p=4.74  μ m\:{\lambda\:}_{p}=4.74\:\:\mu\:mλp​=4.74μm), which can be very useful for the investigation of several nonlinear phenomena at low light intensity in CQWs. The results of the investigations may have potential applications in optical switching devices at low powers, quantum information processing and many more in solid-state laser based system.
We suggest that supercontinuum can be used for absorption spectroscopy to observe the exciton levels of a semiconductor nano-structure. Exciton absorption spectrum of a GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well was observed using supercontinuum generated by a microstructrured fiber pumped by a femtosecond (fs) pulsed laser. Significantly narrower peaks were observed in the absorption spectrum from 11 K up to room temperature than photoluminescence (PL) spectrum peaks. Because supercontinuum is coherent light and can readily provide high enough intensity, this method can provide a coherent ultra-broad band light source to identify exciton levels in semiconductors, and be applicable to coherent nonlinear spectroscopy such as electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), lasing without inversion (LWI) and coherent photon control in semiconductor quantum structures.