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Journal of Physics Conference Series

Local and Nonlocal Quantum Correlations in QED Scattering Processes

Massimo Blasone A, Silvio De Siena, Gaetano Lambiase, Cristina Matrella, Bruno Micciola

Published Jun 1, 2025• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We summarize recent findings on the generation and distribution of entanglement in Quantum Electrodynamics (QED) scattering processes. We explore both the generation of entanglement in fundamental QED interactions and the role of complete complementarity relations (CCR) in characterizing the local and nonlocal properties of these quantum processes, and in accounting for their intertwining.

DOI
10.1088/1742-6596/3017/1/012030

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Quantum correlations, such as entanglement, are fundamental to quantum mechanics and a key resource for quantum technologies. However, their full quantitative description and axiomatic foundations remain unresolved. Recent studies suggest that the origin of nonlocal correlations lies in principles tied to quantum uncertainty. In particular, a recent paper [1] introduced the principle of Relativistic Independence (RI), which asserts that observers with spacelike separation cannot influence each other's uncertainty relations. This principle provides a novel bound intertwining local and nonlocal correlations:
We analyze how entanglement is generated and distributed in a Bhabha scattering process $({e}^{\ensuremath{-}}{e}^{+}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{e}^{\ensuremath{-}}{e}^{+})$ at tree level. In our setup an electron AAA scatters with a positron BBB, which is initially entangled with another electron CCC (spectator), that does not participate directly to the process. We find that the QED scattering generates and distributes entanglement in a nontrivial way among the three particles; the correlations in the output channels ABABAB, ACACAC, and BCBCBC are studied in detail as functions of the scattering parameters and of the initial entanglement weight. Although derived in a specific case, our results exhibit some general features of other similar QED scattering processes, for which the extension of the present analysis is straightforward.