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Acta Physica Sinica

Study on the relationship between the population of metastable state and time delay in an erbium-doped optical fiber

Qiu Wei, 高波 Gao Bo, Peng Lin, Zhou Jing-Ting, Li Jia, 蒋秋莉 JIANG Qiu-li, L uuml Pin, Ma Ying-Chi

Published Jan 1, 2013• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

The slow light propagation in optical fiber has attracted much attention because of its practical applications. Use of coherent population oscillation to produce slow light propagation has many advantages over other methods. We investigate the reduction of the group velocity propagation by the coherent population oscillation in erbium-doped optical fiber, and also the relationship between the population of metastable state and the time delay by changing the doping concentration, the length of the fiber, the input power, and the pump power. The results show that we can select a high doping concentration of erbium in the fiber, increase the length of the fiber, decrease the pump power and select the appropriate power of the signal light to increases the time delay.

DOI
10.7498/aps.62.214205

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The slow light propagation in optical fiber has attracted much attention because of its practical applications. Use of coherent population oscillation to produce slow light propagation has many advantages over other methods. We investigate the reduction of the group velocity propagation by the coherent population oscillation in erbium-doped optical fiber, and also the relationship between the population of metastable state and the time delay by changing the doping concentration, the length of the fiber, the input power, and the pump power. The results show that we can select a high doping concentration of erbium in the fiber, increase the length of the fiber, decrease the pump power and select the appropriate power of the signal light to increases the time delay.
Abstract The relationship between the oscillation of a metastable population and the slow light propagation in a Tm 3+ -doped optical fiber at room temperature is discussed. We study the influencing factors of the metastable population oscillation, such as the length of the Tm 3+ -doped fiber, the input signal power and the pump power. Further, we obtain the relationships between the length of the Tm 3+ -doped optical fiber, the input signal power and the pump power and the oscillation of metastable population in order to slow down the light pulse propagation speed through an optical fiber at room temperature.
We investigate the reduction of the group velocity propagation resulting from the steep change of the refractive index by the coherent population oscillation in erbium-doped optical fibre. The largest delay is measured to be about 8.75ms corresponding to a group index of 1.312 × 10 6 . The time delay or advancement depends on the pump intensity. Influences of the ion density on the fractional delay and the group velocity reduction of light propagation are studied. Based on our discussion the optimization parameters should be selected in order to obtain more appropriate time delay and the slowdown of group velocity.
Group velocity of the optical pulse propagation would be reduced based on coherent population oscillation effect in an absorbing medium. According to the absorption properties of erbium-doped optical fiber, there would appear a sharp absorption loss, which brought more difficulties to the actual measurement of slow light and its application in communications. From the ground rate equation of erbium-ion, the delay of optical pulse was simulated under controllable absorption loss， and experiments were implemented to verify the theoretical results. Moreover, we researched how the different pump power and fiber length effect the signal loss and the optical pulse delay.
Based on the solution of the density matrix of motion equations we gave a theoretical simulation and experimental measurement of reduction of light propagation for a doped Er+ fiber by population oscillation. The effects of the concentration of doped Er ion density and fiber length were given in the paper. The measured data was agree with theoretical simulation well. Maximum delay is 10.75ms. The delay is tunable by changing modulation frequency and laser input power. The result showed the delay based on slow light in fiber can be proposed a novel optical delay line.
We propose a technique to obtain slow and fast light propagations based on coherent population oscillations forced by a modulated pump. This mechanism produces an enhancement of 1 order of magnitude of the delay or advancement of light signals. The relative phase between the pumps to the signal fields is used as a knob for changing light propagation from ultraslow group velocities to negative group velocities. The experimental realization of the phenomenon was carried out in an erbium-doped fiber amplifier at room temperature.
We perform a study of extremely slow pulse propagation speed in densely-doped erbium fibers by using a detuned signal. A quantum coherence effect, coherent population oscillations, produces a very narrow spectral "hole" in the homogeneous broadened absorption profile of the erbium-doped fiber. The resulting rapid spectral variation of the refractive index leads to a large value of the group index. The interparticle interaction between the nearest neighboring active particles due to the high density of erbium ions is considered. The result shows that the nonlinear refractive index can be greatly increased which leads to the smaller group velocity and the larger time delay.