Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Optics Letters

Loss-compensated slow-light fiber Bragg grating with 22-km/s group velocity

Pierre-Baptiste Vigneron, Tommy Boilard, Enkeleda Balliu, Anna L. Broome, Martin Bernier, Michel J. F. Digonnet

Published May 7, 2020• 8 citations
Publisher

Abstract

This Letter reports the behavior of the slow-light resonances of a strong apodized fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in which the intrinsic loss is compensated for by a small internal gain. The 6.5-mm FBG, written with a femtosecond laser in an Er-doped single-mode fiber, was pumped at ∼ 1475 n m just below the lasing threshold to offset most of its intrinsic loss, thereby narrowing its resonances. The fundamental slow-light resonance was measured to have a linewidth of 8.5 fm, or a record group velocity of ∼ 22 k m / s , and a peak transmission near unity ( − 0.2 d B ). The measured dependencies of the linewidth and peak transmission on pump power agree well with a new model that predicts the transmission spectrum of loss-compensated FBGs in the presence of pump and signal saturation.

DOI
10.1364/ol.392808

Related papers

High Purcell factor in fiber Bragg gratings utilizing the fundamental slow-light mode

George Skolianos, Arushi Arora, Martin Bernier +1 more

We demonstrate through numerical simulations that the slow-light resonances that exist in strong, apodized fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) fabricated with femtosecond pulses in deuterium-loaded fibers can exhibit very large intensity enhancements and Purcell factors with the proper optimization of their length. This potential is illustrated with two saturated FBGs that are less than 5 mm long and have been annealed to reduce their internal loss. The first one exhibits the largest measured Purcell factor in an all-fiber device (38.7), and the second one exhibits the largest intensity enhancement (1525). These devices are anticipated to have significant applications in quantum-dot lasers, nonlinear fiber devices, and cavity quantum-electrodynamics experiments.

Optics Letters•Jul 16, 2015•4 citations

Tunable delay slow-light in an active fiber Bragg grating

Kai Qian, Li Zhan, Honggen Li +4 more

We proposed and experimentally demonstrated an extremely simple and feasible slow-light technique to achieve tunable optical delay by using the Er/Yb codoped fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The signal light experiences strong dispersion when it is launched into the reflection edge of FBG, and the group delay value is determined by the signal wavelength and the pump power. In the experiment, a controllable delay of 0.9 ns can be obtained through changing the 980 nm pump power. The group velocity can be slowed down to 5.6x10(7) m/s, which is 19% of the speed of light in free space. It provides a very simple approach to control the light group delay, which is likely to have important implications for practical applications.

Optics Express•Nov 19, 2009•57 citations

Numerical examination of structural slow-light delays in fiber Bragg gratings of varied parameters

Matúš Vaňko, Jarmila Müllerová

Fiber Bragg gratings designed specifically for controlling the group velocity of light have been extensively studied in recent years to explore and improve their properties. Use of slow-light fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is increasingly recognized as an important component in the optical telecommunication networks, and plays a key role in resolving a problem of buffering of optical signals. This paper analyzes the slow light mechanism in FBG theoretically, explores the influences of different parameters of FBG on the characteristics of slow light by numerical simulation, and discusses the requirements for achieving large group delays.

AIP conference proceedings•Jan 1, 2019•2 citations

Dispersionless Slow Light in Fiber Bragg Gratings with Active Materials

Yang Liu, Chun Jiang, Yaming Lin +1 more

In this paper, an atomic system is suggested to be embedded in the fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) to reduce the group velocity and to eliminate the dispersion of slow light. We demonstrate numerically that the pulse can be transmitted at the group velocity 0.147c dispersionlessly in the FBG, compared with 0.193c and 56% of FWHM broadening without the atomic system.

Symposium on Photonics and Optoelectronics•Jun 1, 2010•0 citations

Improved Closed-Loop Slow-Light Temperature Sensor With Millidegree Resolution for Laser Cooling

Enkeleda Balliu, Lauris Talbot, Chun‐Wei Chen +7 more

For applications such as laser cooling of doped fibers, where it is critical to measure accurately the temperature of a cooled fiber that is very close to room temperature, it is paramount to develop a reliable, very short (mm) fiber temperature sensor with millikelvin resolution and very little drift. We report a second generation of a unique slow-light fiber Bragg grating (FBG) temperature sensor that meets these stringent requirements. Experiments and modeling establish that its temperature response depends only on well-known material constants of the silica FBG and the response of the probe laser’s wavelength controller. The response is independent of the linewidth of the slow-light resonance, hence different FBGs and/or resonances have the exact same response. Examples of measured cooling in optically pumped Yb-doped fibers show that more reliable thermal contact with the cooled fiber is obtained by wrapping the FBG and the cooled fiber.

International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors (OFS)•Jan 1, 2023•4 citations

Cascaded superluminal propagation via Brillouin lasing resonance in optical fibers

Liang Zhang, Li Zhan

All-optical group velocity manipulation of light, so-called slow and fast light, has drawn extensive attention due to its potential applications in the fields of optical signal processing, light storage, light-matter interaction enhancement, hypersensitive sensing and temporal cloak. Tremendous approaches of slow and fast light generation have been widely demonstrated by the creation of the sharp spectral resonances in the past decade. Specifically, superluminal propagation (larger-than-light velocity c) through the optical media has been proposed and validated in anomalous dispersion media. One effective approach is employing stimulated Brillouin scattering to harness the narrowband spectral resonance and thus generate slow and fast light in the optical fiber. In particular, Brillouin lasing oscillation has been experimentally demonstrated to generate fast and superluminal propagation in ten-meter optical fibers. Afterwards, the propagating distance over hundreds of meters has been experimentally demonstrated by the suppression of multiple-longitudinal-mode operation. However, the delay-bandwidth product or the fractional advancement is still fundamentally limited in conventional fast and slow light system. For example, the maximum advancement as well as the fractional temporal advancement are practically restricted due to the Brillouin gain saturation and multiple longitudinal mode lasing operation under high pump power in the Brillouin lasing resonance-based fast and superluminal system. In this paper, we experimentally validate the extension of time advancement of superluminal propagation based on Brillouin lasing oscillation for the first time. By employing two stages of single-frequency Brillouin lasing fiber ring resonators, Stokes lasing resonance was effectively created in each fiber ring cavity to deliver Brillouin-induced loss resonance at the center frequency of pump, which essentially leads to fast light and superluminal propagation of the pump light. Consequently, Gaussian signal pulses with the pulse width of 500 ns experiences cascaded Brillouin-induced fast light and even negative group-velocity superluminal propagation. The temporal advancement was basically extended to 365.8 ns which is twice than that of single stage fast light and superluminal system. Correspondingly, the fractional advancement was increased from 0.36 to 0.73. The maximum group velocity was 6.3 times larger than the light speed c in vacuum while negative-group- velocity propagation can be found in the range of −9.9 to −0.2 by increasing the total input power from 593.2 to 812.0 mW. Furthermore, the group index can be manipulated in the range of 1.5 to −4.0 by simply varying the total input pump power. It indicates superluminal signals can be cascaded to essentially extend the propagation distance and enlarge the temporal advancement. The scheme exhibits robustness in cascading Brillouin spectral loss resonance for temporal advancement enhancement as well as propagating distance extension. More importantly, the cascading design could basically eliminate the fundamental limitation introduced by Brillouin gain saturation and multiple longitudinal lasing mode under high power operation in single stage Brillouin fast and superluminal system. Further optimization could also be implemented by utilizing the nonstandard specialty fibers as Brillouin gain medium to achieve an efficient Brillouin lasing resonance for an enhanced advancement efficiency. Additionally, the combination with the cascading technique and long-cavity single-frequency Brillouin lasing resonance could enable the feasibility of distance-limitless and large-advancement superluminal propagation, paving a way for promising applications in sensing and temporal cloak.

Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version)•Sep 28, 2017•6 citations
This Letter reports the behavior of the slow-light resonances of a strong apodized fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in which the intrinsic loss is compensated for by a small internal gain. The 6.5-mm FBG, written with a femtosecond laser in an Er-doped single-mode fiber, was pumped at ∼ 1475 n m just below the lasing threshold to offset most of its intrinsic loss, thereby narrowing its resonances. The fundamental slow-light resonance was measured to have a linewidth of 8.5 fm, or a record group velocity of ∼ 22 k m / s , and a peak transmission near unity ( − 0.2 d B ). The measured dependencies of the linewidth and peak transmission on pump power agree well with a new model that predicts the transmission spectrum of loss-compensated FBGs in the presence of pump and signal saturation.
We demonstrate through numerical simulations that the slow-light resonances that exist in strong, apodized fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) fabricated with femtosecond pulses in deuterium-loaded fibers can exhibit very large intensity enhancements and Purcell factors with the proper optimization of their length. This potential is illustrated with two saturated FBGs that are less than 5 mm long and have been annealed to reduce their internal loss. The first one exhibits the largest measured Purcell factor in an all-fiber device (38.7), and the second one exhibits the largest intensity enhancement (1525). These devices are anticipated to have significant applications in quantum-dot lasers, nonlinear fiber devices, and cavity quantum-electrodynamics experiments.
We proposed and experimentally demonstrated an extremely simple and feasible slow-light technique to achieve tunable optical delay by using the Er/Yb codoped fiber Bragg grating (FBG). The signal light experiences strong dispersion when it is launched into the reflection edge of FBG, and the group delay value is determined by the signal wavelength and the pump power. In the experiment, a controllable delay of 0.9 ns can be obtained through changing the 980 nm pump power. The group velocity can be slowed down to 5.6x10(7) m/s, which is 19% of the speed of light in free space. It provides a very simple approach to control the light group delay, which is likely to have important implications for practical applications.
Fiber Bragg gratings designed specifically for controlling the group velocity of light have been extensively studied in recent years to explore and improve their properties. Use of slow-light fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) is increasingly recognized as an important component in the optical telecommunication networks, and plays a key role in resolving a problem of buffering of optical signals. This paper analyzes the slow light mechanism in FBG theoretically, explores the influences of different parameters of FBG on the characteristics of slow light by numerical simulation, and discusses the requirements for achieving large group delays.
For applications such as laser cooling of doped fibers, where it is critical to measure accurately the temperature of a cooled fiber that is very close to room temperature, it is paramount to develop a reliable, very short (mm) fiber temperature sensor with millikelvin resolution and very little drift. We report a second generation of a unique slow-light fiber Bragg grating (FBG) temperature sensor that meets these stringent requirements. Experiments and modeling establish that its temperature response depends only on well-known material constants of the silica FBG and the response of the probe laser’s wavelength controller. The response is independent of the linewidth of the slow-light resonance, hence different FBGs and/or resonances have the exact same response. Examples of measured cooling in optically pumped Yb-doped fibers show that more reliable thermal contact with the cooled fiber is obtained by wrapping the FBG and the cooled fiber.
All-optical group velocity manipulation of light, so-called slow and fast light, has drawn extensive attention due to its potential applications in the fields of optical signal processing, light storage, light-matter interaction enhancement, hypersensitive sensing and temporal cloak. Tremendous approaches of slow and fast light generation have been widely demonstrated by the creation of the sharp spectral resonances in the past decade. Specifically, superluminal propagation (larger-than-light velocity c) through the optical media has been proposed and validated in anomalous dispersion media. One effective approach is employing stimulated Brillouin scattering to harness the narrowband spectral resonance and thus generate slow and fast light in the optical fiber. In particular, Brillouin lasing oscillation has been experimentally demonstrated to generate fast and superluminal propagation in ten-meter optical fibers. Afterwards, the propagating distance over hundreds of meters has been experimentally demonstrated by the suppression of multiple-longitudinal-mode operation. However, the delay-bandwidth product or the fractional advancement is still fundamentally limited in conventional fast and slow light system. For example, the maximum advancement as well as the fractional temporal advancement are practically restricted due to the Brillouin gain saturation and multiple longitudinal mode lasing operation under high pump power in the Brillouin lasing resonance-based fast and superluminal system. In this paper, we experimentally validate the extension of time advancement of superluminal propagation based on Brillouin lasing oscillation for the first time. By employing two stages of single-frequency Brillouin lasing fiber ring resonators, Stokes lasing resonance was effectively created in each fiber ring cavity to deliver Brillouin-induced loss resonance at the center frequency of pump, which essentially leads to fast light and superluminal propagation of the pump light. Consequently, Gaussian signal pulses with the pulse width of 500 ns experiences cascaded Brillouin-induced fast light and even negative group-velocity superluminal propagation. The temporal advancement was basically extended to 365.8 ns which is twice than that of single stage fast light and superluminal system. Correspondingly, the fractional advancement was increased from 0.36 to 0.73. The maximum group velocity was 6.3 times larger than the light speed c in vacuum while negative-group- velocity propagation can be found in the range of −9.9 to −0.2 by increasing the total input power from 593.2 to 812.0 mW. Furthermore, the group index can be manipulated in the range of 1.5 to −4.0 by simply varying the total input pump power. It indicates superluminal signals can be cascaded to essentially extend the propagation distance and enlarge the temporal advancement. The scheme exhibits robustness in cascading Brillouin spectral loss resonance for temporal advancement enhancement as well as propagating distance extension. More importantly, the cascading design could basically eliminate the fundamental limitation introduced by Brillouin gain saturation and multiple longitudinal lasing mode under high power operation in single stage Brillouin fast and superluminal system. Further optimization could also be implemented by utilizing the nonstandard specialty fibers as Brillouin gain medium to achieve an efficient Brillouin lasing resonance for an enhanced advancement efficiency. Additionally, the combination with the cascading technique and long-cavity single-frequency Brillouin lasing resonance could enable the feasibility of distance-limitless and large-advancement superluminal propagation, paving a way for promising applications in sensing and temporal cloak.