Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Applied Optics

E-band neodymium-doped fiber amplifier: model and application

Charles D. Boley, Jay W. Dawson, Leily Kiani, Paul H. Pax

Published Mar 15, 2019• 21 citations
Publisher

Abstract

To analyze recent experiments with a neodymium-doped fiber amplifier operating in the E-band of wavelengths (1350-1450 nm) and embedded in fused silica, we develop a time-dependent model consisting of rate equations for the aggregate ion populations and the radiation intensities along the amplifier axis. Both copropagating and counterpropagating intensities, including amplified spontaneous emission, are incorporated. The wavelength-dependent cross section for excited state absorption is inferred from auxiliary measurements. Steady-state solutions are obtained over a range of seed wavelengths and powers. The resulting gain curves agree with experiment at low to intermediate powers (less than ∼1 mW). With a proposed addition to the system loss, the agreement extends to saturation (∼100 mW).

DOI
10.1364/ao.58.002320

Related papers

Modeling a Broadband Bismuth-Doped Fiber Amplifier

Chun Jiang

In this paper, we present the energy level, transition configuration, and numerical model of a bismuth-doped fiber amplifier for the first time, to the best of authorspsila knowledge. With a three-level system, the rate and power propagation equations of the model are solved to examine the effect of the fiber parameter and pump power on the bandwidth of the gain spectra. It can be predicted that when excited at wavelength in the 800-900 nm range, the amplifier can have a ultrabroad gain spectra in the 1.2-1.62 mum range, which cover the low-loss windows of the all-wave fiber.

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics•Jan 1, 2009•27 citations

Design and output spectral peak power optimization of E-band fiber-amplified spontaneous emission spectra

Haishuo Wang, Tiancheng Yu, Zhe Yang

Fiber optic amplifiers will improve the power of signals propagating in optical fibers, usually using doped ions as amplifiers. The bismuth-doped fiber amplifier can amplify the current E-band signal light, which is less used, and provide a solution to enhance the communication transmission capacity.In this essay, Matlab is used as a research tool, and the bismuth-doped fiber amplifier is selected, and the energy level system is a three-energy levelThe 830 nm-wavelength pumping source amplifies the signal light at 1390 nm. The bismuth-ion velocity and power amplification propagation equations are established, and the amplified spontaneous radiated optical power is calculated. Amplified spontaneous radiation optical power, and through the calculation and simulated annealing algorithm to derive the amplified spontaneous radiation optical power amplification with the doping concentration and fiber length spectrum, in the fiber length of 3.3m and the number of doped particles of 9.1 * 10^25 to obtain the maximum optical power of 7.95*10^-9W.

Highlights in Science Engineering and Technology•Dec 15, 2023•0 citations

"Analytical Model of Pulse Amplification in Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier "

Nour. A. Naser, Muhammed. R. Harb, Hassan Abid Yasser

"Doping a part of the optical fiber core by (Er3+ ) ions in presence of external pumping power will lead to form the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).The performance of this optical amplifier depends on (the power and the wavelength of the pumping laser, the power and wavelength of the input signal, amplifier length, ion concentration). These parameters will affect the characteristics of EDFA such as amplifier gain, gain saturation, noise figure and output power. However, these characteristics can be determined by solving the EDFA propagation and rate equations. The solution of these equations of two-level laser medium can be done numerically. In this paper, we are proposed a novel method to solve these equations. The reconstructed results are perfectly coincided the well known numerical results.

Muthanna Journal of Pure Science•Oct 14, 2020•0 citations

Excited-state absorption and gain in erbium-fiber amplifiers between 1.05 and 1.35 mu m

Mark C. Farries

Measurements of the transmission of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier in the wavelength range 1.05-1.35 mu m are reported. Excited-state absorption at 1.14 mu m and gain at 1.24 mu m are observed when the amplifier is pumped at 528 nm. There is good agreement between the measured excited-state absorption and gain and that predicted from the energy bands. An excited state absorption between 1.5 and 1.75 mu m is predicted from absorption measurements.>

IEEE Photonics Technology Letters•Jul 1, 1991•3 citations

Rare-earth doped fiber amplifiers for the first telecommunication window

Balakrishnan Sridhar

A complete experimental and theoretical study of rare earth doped fiber-optic amplifiers for the first tele-communication window has been made. The thulium doped fluoride fiber amplifier is shown to provide amplification in the 800nm-820nm signal region. A complete steady state theoretical model has been presented and the model has been experimentally verified. The model predicts the gain, noise figure and the amplified spontaneous emission in the 800nm, 1470nm, 1900nm and 2300nm bands. The effect of population trapping at the $\\sp3F\\sb4$ energy level of thulium ion is also shown with the help of the model. It has been shown that about 5-15%o of the population is trapped at the $\\sp3F\\sb4$ energy level. We have also shown theoretically, the expected gain and noise performance of Thulium doped fluoride fiber amplifiers pumped in the 680nm absorption band. The maximum gain at 806nm is slightly lower than with comparable 780 nm pumping. The gain bandwidth is however found to increase with 680nm pumping. The higher ASE at shorter wavelengths ($<$806nm) reduces the gain at the peak wavelength (806nm). This is a result of the better inversion with three level pumping at 680nm as compared to two level resonant pumping at 780nm. We report an efficient single mode erbium doped flouride fiber amplifier in the 850nm signal band for the first time. The amplification is through an up-conversion process. The erbium doped flouride fiber amplifier was pumped with an estimated pump power of 35mW at 792nm. We have also considered a theoretical model for a single mode erbium doped fluoride fiber amplifier. Efficient amplification occurs because of the strong excited state absorption at the pump wavelength from the $\\sp4I\\sb{13/2}$ energy level.

Journal of Media Literacy Education•Jan 1, 1995•0 citations

Analytical solution for the dynamic behavior of erbium-doped fiber amplifiers with constant population inversion along the fiber

Andrés Anibal Rieznik, Hugo L. Fragnito

We present an analytical solution for the coupled rate and propagation equations for a dynamic two-level homogeneously broadened system interacting with radiation and with constant population inversion along the longitudinal axis of the fiber, z. We derive an analytical solution for the z dependence of these equations, which greatly simplifies the numerical solution for the output powers’ time dependence. Amplified spontaneous emission and background loss influences are considered in the model, in contrast to the previous analytical solution presented by Y. Sun et al. The solution is derived, and the importance of each term for the dynamic modeling of typical erbium-doped fiber amplifiers is analyzed.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Oct 1, 2004•16 citations
To analyze recent experiments with a neodymium-doped fiber amplifier operating in the E-band of wavelengths (1350-1450 nm) and embedded in fused silica, we develop a time-dependent model consisting of rate equations for the aggregate ion populations and the radiation intensities along the amplifier axis. Both copropagating and counterpropagating intensities, including amplified spontaneous emission, are incorporated. The wavelength-dependent cross section for excited state absorption is inferred from auxiliary measurements. Steady-state solutions are obtained over a range of seed wavelengths and powers. The resulting gain curves agree with experiment at low to intermediate powers (less than ∼1 mW). With a proposed addition to the system loss, the agreement extends to saturation (∼100 mW).
In this paper, we present the energy level, transition configuration, and numerical model of a bismuth-doped fiber amplifier for the first time, to the best of authorspsila knowledge. With a three-level system, the rate and power propagation equations of the model are solved to examine the effect of the fiber parameter and pump power on the bandwidth of the gain spectra. It can be predicted that when excited at wavelength in the 800-900 nm range, the amplifier can have a ultrabroad gain spectra in the 1.2-1.62 mum range, which cover the low-loss windows of the all-wave fiber.
Fiber optic amplifiers will improve the power of signals propagating in optical fibers, usually using doped ions as amplifiers. The bismuth-doped fiber amplifier can amplify the current E-band signal light, which is less used, and provide a solution to enhance the communication transmission capacity.In this essay, Matlab is used as a research tool, and the bismuth-doped fiber amplifier is selected, and the energy level system is a three-energy levelThe 830 nm-wavelength pumping source amplifies the signal light at 1390 nm. The bismuth-ion velocity and power amplification propagation equations are established, and the amplified spontaneous radiated optical power is calculated. Amplified spontaneous radiation optical power, and through the calculation and simulated annealing algorithm to derive the amplified spontaneous radiation optical power amplification with the doping concentration and fiber length spectrum, in the fiber length of 3.3m and the number of doped particles of 9.1 * 10^25 to obtain the maximum optical power of 7.95*10^-9W.
"Doping a part of the optical fiber core by (Er3+ ) ions in presence of external pumping power will lead to form the erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA).The performance of this optical amplifier depends on (the power and the wavelength of the pumping laser, the power and wavelength of the input signal, amplifier length, ion concentration). These parameters will affect the characteristics of EDFA such as amplifier gain, gain saturation, noise figure and output power. However, these characteristics can be determined by solving the EDFA propagation and rate equations. The solution of these equations of two-level laser medium can be done numerically. In this paper, we are proposed a novel method to solve these equations. The reconstructed results are perfectly coincided the well known numerical results.
A complete experimental and theoretical study of rare earth doped fiber-optic amplifiers for the first tele-communication window has been made. The thulium doped fluoride fiber amplifier is shown to provide amplification in the 800nm-820nm signal region. A complete steady state theoretical model has been presented and the model has been experimentally verified. The model predicts the gain, noise figure and the amplified spontaneous emission in the 800nm, 1470nm, 1900nm and 2300nm bands. The effect of population trapping at the sp3Fsb4\\sp3F\\sb4sp3Fsb4 energy level of thulium ion is also shown with the help of the model. It has been shown that about 5-15%o of the population is trapped at the sp3Fsb4\\sp3F\\sb4sp3Fsb4 energy level. We have also shown theoretically, the expected gain and noise performance of Thulium doped fluoride fiber amplifiers pumped in the 680nm absorption band. The maximum gain at 806nm is slightly lower than with comparable 780 nm pumping. The gain bandwidth is however found to increase with 680nm pumping. The higher ASE at shorter wavelengths ($<$806nm) reduces the gain at the peak wavelength (806nm). This is a result of the better inversion with three level pumping at 680nm as compared to two level resonant pumping at 780nm. We report an efficient single mode erbium doped flouride fiber amplifier in the 850nm signal band for the first time. The amplification is through an up-conversion process. The erbium doped flouride fiber amplifier was pumped with an estimated pump power of 35mW at 792nm. We have also considered a theoretical model for a single mode erbium doped fluoride fiber amplifier. Efficient amplification occurs because of the strong excited state absorption at the pump wavelength from the sp4Isb13/2\\sp4I\\sb{13/2}sp4Isb13/2 energy level.
We present an analytical solution for the coupled rate and propagation equations for a dynamic two-level homogeneously broadened system interacting with radiation and with constant population inversion along the longitudinal axis of the fiber, z. We derive an analytical solution for the z dependence of these equations, which greatly simplifies the numerical solution for the output powers’ time dependence. Amplified spontaneous emission and background loss influences are considered in the model, in contrast to the previous analytical solution presented by Y. Sun et al. The solution is derived, and the importance of each term for the dynamic modeling of typical erbium-doped fiber amplifiers is analyzed.