Abstract Quantum watermarking is a technique to embed specific information, usually the owner’s identification, into quantum cover data such for copyright protection purposes. In this paper, a new scheme for quantum watermarking based on quantum wavelet transforms is proposed which includes scrambling, embedding and extracting procedures. The invisibility and robustness performances of the proposed watermarking method is confirmed by simulation technique. The invisibility of the scheme is examined by the peak-signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and the histogram calculation. Furthermore the robustness of the scheme is analyzed by the Bit Error Rate (BER) and the Correlation Two-Dimensional (Corr 2-D) calculation. The simulation results indicate that the proposed watermarking scheme indicate not only acceptable visual quality but also a good resistance against different types of attack.
Abstract Quantum watermarking is a technique to embed specific information, usually the owner’s identification, into quantum cover data such for copyright protection purposes. In this paper, a new scheme for quantum watermarking based on quantum wavelet transforms is proposed which includes scrambling, embedding and extracting procedures. The invisibility and robustness performances of the proposed watermarking method is confirmed by simulation technique. The invisibility of the scheme is examined by the peak-signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and the histogram calculation. Furthermore the robustness of the scheme is analyzed by the Bit Error Rate (BER) and the Correlation Two-Dimensional (Corr 2-D) calculation. The simulation results indicate that the proposed watermarking scheme indicate not only acceptable visual quality but also a good resistance against different types of attack.
Abstract The crazy, unconscious use of the Internet, and the increase in cybercrime and hacking, which resulted in the loss of a large number of sensitive data, the risk of piracy, etc. were the motivation for protecting rights, securing and hiding essential information such as images, audio, etc. Watermarking was a popular security, copyright and privacy approach and one of the problems in modern quantum digital computing that produced more powerful quantum protection techniques than the classical one that used classical techniques such as digital wavelet transformation and Hungarian algorithms. Recent advances in quantum image representation and processing help to manipulate data hidden. This paper proposes a new watermark technique in which a color watermark image is hidden within another color-carrying image after transformation into the quantum domain using the recently completed quantum color image representation technique. Finally, a comparison is made between the proposed method and the most recent watermarking techniques is establish in terms of PSNR (peak signal-to-noise ratio), which shows the high precision of the proposed technique and improves the imperceptibility compared to the related schemes.
Quantum steganography is a technology which can hide information effectively for achieving copyright protection. In this paper, a quantum steganography scheme using quantum wavelet transform and the novel enhanced quantum representation for quantum image is proposed, and this scheme can embed the secret text of size [Formula: see text] into a [Formula: see text] gray-scale carrier image. In the scrambling operation, the text is scrambled by the scrambling circuit including bit-reverse, quantum equal and CNOT gate to improve its security. Before embedding, the carrier image is first transformed by 1-level quantum Haar wavelet transform, and then its low-frequency part is divided into blocks. The simulation results suggest that the proposed scheme has good performance in visual quality and robustness. Finally, through the analysis of circuit complexity, the scheme has low complexity O(n).
Computational methods derived from digital signal processing are playing a significant role in the security and copyrights of audio, video, and visual arts. In light of the quantum computing, the corresponding algorithms are becoming a new research direction in today's high-technology world. The nature of quantum computer guarantees the security of quantum data, so a safe and effective quantum watermarking algorithm is in demand. Quantum watermarking is the technique that embeds the invisible quantum signal into quantum multimedia data for copyright protection. Different from most traditional algorithms, we propose new algorithms which apply a quantum or a pseudo quantum watermarking in M-band wavelet domain. Assured by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and quantum no-cloning theorem, the security of quantum watermark can reach a very high-level standard. In other words, these watermarking algorithms can defeat nearly all attackers, no matter using classical computer or quantum computer.
The paper presents a novel hybrid quantum water-marking method designed to enhance the security and robustness of digital media protection. The proposed scheme integrates a two-step encryption process, achieving high security while pre-serving quality. Key features include classical LSB substitution, quantum chaos matrix, and an improved quantum representation, offering superior resistance to attacks. By combining spatial and transform domain encryption, the method overcomes vulner-abilities in singular value decomposition, enhancing robustness and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). Compared to the latest developments-such as sinusoidal-tent map, multi-scale pattern-based quantum text watermarking (MPQTW), maximum pixel difference, tri-way pixel, and NEQR with Quantum Majority Finder (QMF)-the proposed approach shows an average PSNR improvement of approximately 20 % and a significant reduction in Bit Error Rate (BER) by 15.41 %. Additionally, the method demonstrates strong resistance to various attack types with a correlation two-dimensional (Corr 2D) value near 1, such as 0.994 against salt and pepper noise attacks. These results highlight a significant advancement in quantum watermarking technology, balancing improved perceptual quality, security, and robustness.
Quantum watermarking technology, which is used in anti-counterfeiting and copyright protection, play an important role in the future quantum computer era. To embed more data and reduce image distortion, a novel quantum watermarking method of combining spatial domain and frequency domain is proposed. To this end, the carrier and watermark image are prepared by the novel quantum model of color digital images. The proposed quantum watermarking method is divided into two parts according to the needs of the owner and the importance of the watermarks. These two parts of watermark are embedded into the cover using the spatial and frequency domain. Analysis indicates that the complexity of the watermark separation process increases the difficulty for the attacker to reconstruct the quantum watermarking. Numerical simulation results using MATLAB software shows that this algorithm has better embedding capacity. Not only that, it also has good invisibility and can ensure the security.
Computational techniques derived from digital signal processing are playing a significant role in the security and digital copyrights of audio, video, and visual arts. In light of the quantum computer, the corresponding algorithms are becoming a new research direction in today’s high-technology world. The nature of quantum computer guarantees the security of quantum data, so a safe and effective quantum watermarking algorithm is in demand. Quantum watermarking is the technique that embeds the invisible quantum signal into quantum multimedia data for copyright protection. This research presents a quantum watermarking algorithm in discrete M-band wavelet domain which has been improved by chaotic maps. Different from most traditional algorithms, we propose a new algorithm which applies quantum watermarking in M-band wavelet domain assured by the Heisenberg uncertainty principle and quantum no-cloning theorem, the security of quantum watermark can reach a high-level standard. In a word, this watermarking algorithm, no matter using classical computer or quantum computer, can defeat nearly all attackers.