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Physical Review Letters

Generalized n -Photon Resonant 2n -Wave Mixing in an ( n+1 )-Level System with Phase-Conjugate Geometry

Zhanchun Zuo, Sun Jiang, Xia Liu, Qian Jiang, Guangsheng Fu, Ling-An Wu, Panming Fu

Published Nov 8, 2006• 78 citations

Abstract

A generalized scheme for phase-conjugate resonant 2n-wave mixing, which has a high efficiency and is easy for phase matching, is proposed. As a new type of coherent laser spectroscopy this approach can be employed for studying highly excited atomic states or states with a high angular momentum. To demonstrate its feasibility we have studied the doubly excited autoionizing Rydberg states of Ba by phase-conjugate six-wave mixing, and have furthermore achieved eight-wave mixing in Na. This method may find wide application in related areas such as coherent transient spectroscopy, Autler-Townes spectroscopy and electromagnetically induced transparency. In particular, it may provide new insights into the nature of highly excited states.

DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.97.193904

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A generalized scheme for phase-conjugate resonant 2n-wave mixing, which has a high efficiency and is easy for phase matching, is proposed. As a new type of coherent laser spectroscopy this approach can be employed for studying highly excited atomic states or states with a high angular momentum. To demonstrate its feasibility we have studied the doubly excited autoionizing Rydberg states of Ba by phase-conjugate six-wave mixing, and have furthermore achieved eight-wave mixing in Na. This method may find wide application in related areas such as coherent transient spectroscopy, Autler-Townes spectroscopy and electromagnetically induced transparency. In particular, it may provide new insights into the nature of highly excited states.

We study two-photon resonant nondegenerate four-wave mixing (NFWM) in a dressed cascade four-level system. In the presence of a strong coupling field, the two-photon resonant NFWM spectrum exhibits Autler-Townes splitting, accompanied by either suppression or enhancement of the NFWM signal. Such phenomena are demonstrated in Ba through inducing of atomic coherence between the ground state

6{s}^{2}

and the doubly excited autoionizing Rydberg state

6pnd

. This technique provides a spectroscopic tool for measuring not only the resonant frequency and dephasing rate but also the transition dipole moment between two highly excited atomic states.

We report a four-photon resonant nondegenerate eight-wave mixing (NEWM) in a dresses N-type six-level system. It has advantages that phase match condition is not stringent and NEWM signal is enhanced tremendously due to the multiple resonance with the atomic transition frequencies. In the prenence of a strong coupling field, the four-photon resonant NEWM spectrum exhibits Autler-Townes splitting. Compared to two-photon resonant nondegenerate four-wave mixing and three-photon resonant nondegenerate six-wave mixing in dressed atoms, four-photon resonant NEWM spectrum is more complicated and can provides information about the relaxation of higher-order atomic coherence.