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Acta Physica Sinica

Doppler-free three-photon resonant six-wave mixing

Zuo Zhan-Chun, Sun Jiang, Ling-An Wu, Panming Fu, (1)河北大学物理系，保定 071002; (2)中国科学院物理研究所光物理实验室，北京 100080

Published Jan 1, 2006• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We study the three-photon resonant six-wave mixing (SWM) with phase-conjugation geometry in Doppler system. The theoretical calculation indicates that the signal spectrum is Doppler-free when the laser line width is narrow. This technique provides a new spectroscopic tool for studying the highly excited atomic or molecular states with high resolution. It has advantages of uncritical phase matching condition, excellent spatial signal resolution and simple optical alignment.

DOI
10.7498/aps.55.1186

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We study the three-photon resonant six-wave mixing (SWM) with phase-conjugation geometry in Doppler system. The theoretical calculation indicates that the signal spectrum is Doppler-free when the laser line width is narrow. This technique provides a new spectroscopic tool for studying the highly excited atomic or molecular states with high resolution. It has advantages of uncritical phase matching condition, excellent spatial signal resolution and simple optical alignment.
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We study six-wave mixing (SWM) spectroscopy based on electromagnetically induced transparency in a Doppler-broadened cascade four-level system. It is found that the SWM spectra are extremely sensitive to the configuration of the incident beams, where the linewidth can be either Doppler-free or very broad, due to the polarization interference of atoms of different velocities. This polarization interference can be controlled in the presence of a strong coupling field. Moreover, SWM can be employed as a new type of Doppler-free Autler–Townes (AT) spectroscopy, which has better spectral resolution than conventional AT spectroscopy. Finally, we also reveal the intrinsic connection between frequency-domain SWM spectroscopy and time-domain photon echoes through studying the time-domain correspondence of SWM.
A generalized scheme for phase-conjugate resonant 2n-wave mixing, which has a high efficiency and is easy for phase matching, is proposed. As a new type of coherent laser spectroscopy this approach can be employed for studying highly excited atomic states or states with a high angular momentum. To demonstrate its feasibility we have studied the doubly excited autoionizing Rydberg states of Ba by phase-conjugate six-wave mixing, and have furthermore achieved eight-wave mixing in Na. This method may find wide application in related areas such as coherent transient spectroscopy, Autler-Townes spectroscopy and electromagnetically induced transparency. In particular, it may provide new insights into the nature of highly excited states.
In nonlinear atomic gaseous media the interference between independent macroscopic polarizations of different ensembles within the atomic velocity distribution can lead to anomalous behavior of the multiwave mixing spectra. For phase-conjugate six-wave mixing (SWM) in a Doppler-broadened N-type four-level system, it is found that the SWM spectrum can be either Doppler-free or very broad, depending on the directions of the incident beams and the ratios between the magnitudes of the wave vectors. This polarization interference can be controlled by the strong coupling field which, on the other hand, can induce Autler-Townes (AT) splitting when the SWM spectrum is Doppler-free. This technique may find special applications as an improved form of AT spectroscopy with higher resolution.