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Journal of the Optical Society of Korea

Peak-to-zero modulation of optical absorption via electrically controllable quantum interference

Byoungho Lee, Kyoung-Youm Kim

Published Jun 1, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We propose a modulation scheme of optical absorption in a coupled asymmetric quantum well (QW) structure via electrically controllable quantum interference. It is based on the parallel-perpendicular energy coupling effect. We show that by applying an external electric Held in the parallel direction (to the QW layers), we can obtain a maximum (peak-type) absorption at a specific wavelength where absorption cancellation would occur due to electrically induced transparency without such an external Held .

DOI
10.3807/josk.2002.6.2.033

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We propose a modulation scheme of optical absorption in a coupled asymmetric quantum well (QW) structure via electrically controllable quantum interference. It is based on the parallel-perpendicular energy coupling effect. We show that by applying an external electric Held in the parallel direction (to the QW layers), we can obtain a maximum (peak-type) absorption at a specific wavelength where absorption cancellation would occur due to electrically induced transparency without such an external Held .
We propose a modulation scheme of optical absorption in a coupled asymmetric quantum well (QW) structure via electrically controllable quantum interference. It is based on the parallel-perpendicular energy coupling effect. We show that by applying an external electric Held in the parallel direction (to the QW layers), we can obtain a maximum (peak-type) absorption at a specific wavelength where absorption cancellation would occur due to electrically induced transparency without such an external Held .
Summary form only given. Quantum interferences (especially destructive interferences) have been a subject of active study over the last decade. Some of examples using these interferences include electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). Lasers without inversion (LWI), and highly efficient schemes for nonlinear optics. In a practical point of view, the implementation of such interferences in semiconductor devices is very interesting since we cannot control critical parameters in atomic systems. In this report, we suggest a structure in which we can change the phase difference between two intersubband transition matrix elements from 0/spl deg/ to 180/spl deg/ by the external perturbation or variables. We use the interferences between |0>-|2> and |0>-|3> transitions, where |2> and |3> states are broadened by tunneling into the same energy continuum through a thin potential barrier. By controlling the parallel kinetic energy of electrons, we can change the phase difference between them parallel-perpendicular kinetic energy coupling effects which modify the effective potential profiles of the structure. This means we can modulate optical absorption by controlling the sign of quantum interference via the parallel kinetic energy of electrons.
The absorption and dispersion behaviors of an asymmetrically coupled quantum well (ACQW) structure are studied based on V-type system. We show that the quantum-confined Stark shift due to an electric field applied along the growth direction of ACQW leads to the detuning absorption, and the corresponding linear refraction is dramatically decreased in a smaller negative-bias voltage region. This means that refraction quenching induced by an external electric field can occur in an ACQW structure. However, the absorption and the dispersion behaviors become the same as those of the lowest excitonic state in a single quantum well structure as the negative-bias voltage further increases due to the disappearance of quantum-confined Stark effect. This means that the ACQW structure has controllable dispersion by using an external field.
The authors designed an asymmetric double quantum well structure with three subbands in the conduction band,and then calculated energy values of the three subbands with the effective-mass Schrodinger equation of confined electrons.In particular,the two adjacent excited subbands were correlated to wave function due to the electronic tunneling effect.A weak probe field coupling the ground subband to the two excited subbands was found to have a double-peak absorption spectrum with an in-between transparency window.Applying a DC electric field on this double quantum well structure,one may easily change the ratio of dipole moments on the two probe transitions,and then effectively manipulate relative amplitudes of the two absorption peaks and the dispersion curve in the transparency window.
We propose and analyze an efficient scheme for suppressing the absorption of a weak probe field based on intersubband transitions in a four-level asymmetric coupled-quantum well (CQW) driven coherently by a probe laser field and a control laser field. By using the numerical simulation, we find that the magnitude of the transient absorption of the probe field is smaller than the three-level system based on the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) at line center of the probe transition, moreover, comparing with the scheme in three-level asymmetric double QW system, the transparency hole of the present work is much broader. By analyzing the steady-state process analytically and numerically, our results show that the probe absorption can be completely eliminated under the condition of Raman resonance (i.e. two-photon detuning is zero). Besides, we can observe one transparency window without requiring one- or two-photon detuning exactly vanish. This investigation may provide the possible scheme for EIT in solids by using CQW.