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Applied Physics Letters

Chemical generation of a population inversion between the spin-orbit states of atomic iodine

A. T. Pritt, Robert D. Coombe, Donald Pilipovich, Robert I. Wagner, David J. Benard, Chester J. Dymek

Published Dec 1, 1977• 32 citations
Publisher

Abstract

When I2 is injected into a stream of chemically produced O*2(1Δg), electronically excited iodine atoms [I* (52P1/2)] are created. For suitably high O*2/O2 ratios, a population inversion is established between the 52P1/2 and 52P3/2 atomic states of iodine. The inversion was observed using an optical double-resonance technique.

DOI
10.1063/1.89524

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It is shown that the photoionization of the inner-shell electrons can yield metastable ions. Therefore, the accumulation of excited particles becomes possible at practically realizable optical pumping powers. This method of population inversion may be effective because a large part of the emission spectrum of an optically transparent plasma in a radiation source is in the form of "hard" photons, which are emitted when electrons are captured and atoms or ions go over to their ground state.

Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics•Mar 31, 1971•0 citations
When I2 is injected into a stream of chemically produced O2(1Δg), electronically excited iodine atoms [I (52P1/2)] are created. For suitably high O*2/O2 ratios, a population inversion is established between the 52P1/2 and 52P3/2 atomic states of iodine. The inversion was observed using an optical double-resonance technique.
An analysis is made of the kinetics of physical processes in a hydrogen-iodine active medium. It is shown that, in principle, it is possible to achieve a population inversion due to the I * ( 2 P 1/2 )–I( 2 P 3/2 ) spin–orbit transition in atomic iodine as a result of near-resonant transfer of hydrogen vibrational energy to I * ( 2 P 1/2 ) ( VE process). A necessary condition for inversion is that at T = 300 K the mixture should contain more than 10% of the vibrationally excited hydrogen H 2 ( ν = 2) relative to the ground-state H 2 ( ν = 0). Some typical features of a hydrogen–iodine system are noted and its potential usefulness is demonstrated.
Hanle-effect measurements have been made on the (5p46s)4P52(5{p}^{4}6s)^{4}P_{\frac{5}{2}}(5p46s)4P25​​ state of iodine, which is connected to the ground state via the 1830-\AA{} line. The atomic iodine is produced by thermal dissociation of I2{\mathrm{I}}_{2}I2​, and is excited by unpolarized resonance radiation. Using the value of gJ{g}_{J}gJ​ obtained by Keiss and Corliss from high-field Zeeman splittings, we find a radiative life-time of 57.9 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1.4 nsec (all errors quoted are 67% confidence limits). Neither coherence narrowing nor self-broadening is observed, and we place an upper limit of 200 A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2 on the latter process. Cross sections for broadening of the Hanle effect by the rare gases are found to be (in A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2): He: 9.8 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1.1; Ne: 19.5 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1.6; Ar: 37.6 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3.1; Kr: 38.7 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3.8; Xe: 49.2 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3.1. The relative values of these cross sections are seen to be in agreement with the predictions of a van der Waals interaction.
It is shown that the photoionization of the inner-shell electrons can yield metastable ions. Therefore, the accumulation of excited particles becomes possible at practically realizable optical pumping powers. This method of population inversion may be effective because a large part of the emission spectrum of an optically transparent plasma in a radiation source is in the form of "hard" photons, which are emitted when electrons are captured and atoms or ions go over to their ground state.