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Soviet Journal of Quantum Electronics

Hydrogen–iodine active medium

A I Didyukov, Yu I Krasnoshchekov, Vadim A Morozov, S. A. Reshetnyak, Leonid A. Shelepin

Published Jul 31, 1983• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

An analysis is made of the kinetics of physical processes in a hydrogen-iodine active medium. It is shown that, in principle, it is possible to achieve a population inversion due to the I * ( 2 P 1/2 )–I( 2 P 3/2 ) spin–orbit transition in atomic iodine as a result of near-resonant transfer of hydrogen vibrational energy to I * ( 2 P 1/2 ) ( VE process). A necessary condition for inversion is that at T = 300 K the mixture should contain more than 10% of the vibrationally excited hydrogen H 2 ( ν = 2) relative to the ground-state H 2 ( ν = 0). Some typical features of a hydrogen–iodine system are noted and its potential usefulness is demonstrated.

DOI
10.1070/qe1983v013n07abeh004366

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An analysis is made of the kinetics of physical processes in a hydrogen-iodine active medium. It is shown that, in principle, it is possible to achieve a population inversion due to the I * ( 2 P 1/2 )–I( 2 P 3/2 ) spin–orbit transition in atomic iodine as a result of near-resonant transfer of hydrogen vibrational energy to I * ( 2 P 1/2 ) ( VE process). A necessary condition for inversion is that at T = 300 K the mixture should contain more than 10% of the vibrationally excited hydrogen H 2 ( ν = 2) relative to the ground-state H 2 ( ν = 0). Some typical features of a hydrogen–iodine system are noted and its potential usefulness is demonstrated.
The excitation transfers through collision between hydrogen atoms and between other simple identical atoms are considered theoretically by an impact parameter method. A rotating atom approximation and a fixed atom approximation (concerned with the direction of electronic polarization) are applied to the problem. The cross-section for the transfer of the excitation (2 p 2 P ) of a hydrogen atom with thermal velocity (kinetic energy of 0.025 ev) to the other hydrogen atom in the ground state is estimated to be 3065 Å 2 with the rotating atom approximation and 680 Å 2 with the fixed atom approximation. In the case of helium atoms, the cross-section for the transfer of the excitation (2 p 1 P ) is also estimated to be 606.7 Å 2 with thermal velocity.
In a helium–hydrogen mixture at T = 300 K, the polarization degree of hydrogen spins, both electron and nuclear, was determined to be as high as (5 ± 1)%. The role of the main processes giving rise to the formation of spin-polarized H atoms has been discussed. It is shown that an effective transfer of angular momentum from the preliminarily optically oriented He * (2 3 S 1 ) atoms to the H atoms is not due to the direct chemi-dissociation of the H 2 molecules by the He * atoms alone, or due to Penning ionization of these molecules followed by the ion-molecular rearrangement reaction H 2 + + H 2 → H 3 + + H alone, but to their summary action. The relative importance of the two mechanisms depends on the rotational temperature and total gas pressure.
On the basis of the unconventional concept of the formation of the line spectrum of the hydrogen atom, an equation is obtained that is necessary for computer calculations of the energy emitted by an electron during the transition from a certain current energy level rλ,n to the receiver radius r0. The obtained solution of the energy equation made it possible to derive the formal relations necessary for calculating the values of the radii of the levels of the hydrogen atom and, accordingly, the velocities of the electron in these orbits. The applied aspect of the considered methodology consists in using the results of the performed calculations for the problems of synthesis and analysis of quantum-electronic circuits.
It is shown that the stimulated emission cross section σ 3—4 of the 2 P 1/2 ( F =3)→ 2 P 3/2 ( F' =4) transition in iodine can be determined without allowance of the influence of chemical reactions on the population inversion and mixing of sublevels with the ground 2 P 3/2 and excited 2 P 1/2 states of iodine. A report is given of measurements of the σ 3—4 cross section as a function of the pressure of CF 3 I, n -C 3 F 7 I, and i -C 3 F 7 I vapors and of He, Ne, Ar, and Xe inert gases. The collisional (impact) widths of the transition profile and of the coefficients of collisional broadening by these gases are obtained. A comparison is made with the theory and with the results of published investigations.
A new version of obtaining short-wave lasing on transition between highly excited states and the ground state of active atoms in the buffer gas atmosphere is studied theoretically. The mechanism of obtaining population inversion on such a transition is associated with the establishment of the local Boltzmann distribution of populations in a group of highly excited levels due to frequent collisions. If the excitation of the upper-lying level is performed by two laser radiation sources with frequencies ω 1 and ω 2 , short-wave lasing can be obtained at a frequency close to the total frequency ω 1 + ω 2 . The conditions for the emergence of population inversion are analyzed and simple analytic formulas are derived. It is shown that collision-induced enhancement of short-wave radiation can occur for pumping intensities on the order of 100 W/cm 2 . For pumping intensities on the order of 1000 W/cm 2 , the amplification factor for short-wave radiation may attain values of 3 cm −1 (for an active atom concentration of N ∼ 10 15 cm −3 ), which is sufficient for the development of lasing per path through an active medium (superradiance condition) for a length of the active medium on the order of 10 cm.