Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review A

Hanle-effect studies on the (5p46s)P524 state of iodine

Lloyd G. Williams, David R. Crosley

Published Feb 1, 1974• 10 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Hanle-effect measurements have been made on the $(5{p}^{4}6s)^{4}P_{\frac{5}{2}}$ state of iodine, which is connected to the ground state via the 1830-\AA{} line. The atomic iodine is produced by thermal dissociation of ${\mathrm{I}}_{2}$, and is excited by unpolarized resonance radiation. Using the value of ${g}_{J}$ obtained by Keiss and Corliss from high-field Zeeman splittings, we find a radiative life-time of 57.9 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1.4 nsec (all errors quoted are 67% confidence limits). Neither coherence narrowing nor self-broadening is observed, and we place an upper limit of 200 ${\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}$ on the latter process. Cross sections for broadening of the Hanle effect by the rare gases are found to be (in ${\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}$): He: 9.8 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1.1; Ne: 19.5 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1.6; Ar: 37.6 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3.1; Kr: 38.7 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3.8; Xe: 49.2 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3.1. The relative values of these cross sections are seen to be in agreement with the predictions of a van der Waals interaction.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.9.622

Related papers

Electronic spin relaxation of the 4S122 state of K induced by K-He and K-Ne collisions

F. A. Franz, C. H. Volk

Electronic and nuclear spin relaxation of optically pumped K atoms has been measured in the presence of He and Ne gases. The nuclear-spin-independent cross sections for the destruction of electronic spin polarization in the $4^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}$ ground state of K are $\ensuremath{\sigma}[\ensuremath{\gamma}(\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{S}}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{N}})](\mathrm{K}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{He})=8.0\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}25}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ and $\ensuremath{\sigma}[\ensuremath{\gamma}(\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{S}}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{N}})](\mathrm{K}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Ne})=141\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}25}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$. The diffusion coefficients of K in He and Ne, corrected to 273 K, are ${D}_{0}(\mathrm{K}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{He})=0.35$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ ${\mathrm{sec}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and ${D}_{0}(\mathrm{K}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Ne})=0.19$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ ${\mathrm{sec}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. All measurements have an estimated uncertainty of \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}10%. The relaxation of K is shown to be strongly affected by an anomalous process which is attributed to the modification of the K hyperfine interaction induced by the formation of K-He and K-Ne van der Waals complexes.

Physical Review A•Jul 1, 1982•21 citations

Resonance broadening of Hanle-effect signals in rubidium

Alan C. Gallagher, E L Lewis

We have measured the broadening of ${\mathrm{Rb}}^{87}$ level-crossing signals due to collisions with ${\mathrm{Rb}}^{85}$. The depolarization or broadening rates for the $5^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$ state orientation, the $5^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ state orientation and alignment, and the $5^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ state 58-G crossing were measured. Theoretical resonance-broadening depolarization rates for the electronic angular momentum, due to Carrington, Stacey, and Cooper, have been incorporated into calculations of the Hanle-effect signals in the presence of nuclear-spin coupling. The experimental broadening rates are corrected for a minor amount of coherence narrowing. The measured broadening rate for the three $5^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ state level-crossing signals are in 20% agreement with the theory. The measured $5^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$ state broadening rate exceeds the theoretical by about a factor of 2. This discrepancy may be due to the action of the hyperfine interaction during these unusually long duration collisions. The natural lifetimes of the $5^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ and $5^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$ states are determined from the low-density linewidth to be 27.0 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.5 and 29.4 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.7 nsec, respectively.

Physical Review A•Jul 1, 1974•37 citations

Lifetime of the First Excited Atomic States of Rb87

J. D. Feichtner, Joe H. Gallagher, Masataka Mizushima

The Hanle effect on the resonance lines of the ${\mathrm{Rb}}^{87}$ atom has been observed. The line shape of the signal for the $5^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}5^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ is found to be Lorentzian, while that for the $5^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}5^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$ is dispersion-type. The half-width of these lines was observed to be 3.146\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.13 G and 23.0 G\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5%, respectively. These values yield the lifetime of (2.71\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.14) \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$sec and (3.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$sec for the $5^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ and $5^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$ states, respectively. The oscillator strengths for the corresponding transitions are found to be 0.673\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03 and 0.32\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03, respectively. When the temperature of the scattering cell was changed from 0 to 36\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C, an apparent increase of the linewidth at higher temperature was observed. This effect has been explained as a magnetic-field-dependent radiative transfer effect at optical depth of the order of the scattering cell dimensions. When the data were analyzed with such an effect included, the reduced Hanle signal showed no temperature dependence of the half-width.

Physical Review•Dec 5, 1967•17 citations

Collision-Induced Mixing in the First Excited States of Sodium and Potassium

J. A. Jordan, P. A. Franken

The cross sections for the collision-induced transfer of excitation from the $^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ level to the $^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$ level of the first excited states of the alkali atoms have been measured for several alkali-noble gas systems. The cross sections were determined with a conventional resonance fluorescence technique in which the radiation from a spectral source was absorbed and re-emitted by an alkali vapor at low pressure (\ensuremath{\sim}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ Torr), and the scattered light analyzed with a scanning spectrometer. Provision was made for the introduction of various noble gases at controlled pressures into the alkali vapor. The determined cross sections are (in units of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$ ${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$): Na-He, 41.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.9; Na-Ne, 36.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.5; Na-Ar, 64.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.2; Na-Kr, 68.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.5; Na-Xe, 61.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4.9; K-He, 52.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.8; K-Ne, 14.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2; K-Ar, 34.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.1. The quoted errors are estimated 70% confidence intervals. The measurements are compared with other experimental results and with various estimated cross sections.

Physical Review•Feb 4, 1966•39 citations

Relation between the electron scattering length and the van der Waals approximation to the equation of state

G. Reisfeld, Uri Asaf

A theoretical relation between the electron scattering length and the van der Waals approximation to the equation of state is described. The theory provides a simple calculation for the scattering length of neutral atomic scatterers such as rare gases, using two experimental parameters: the hard-core radius (calculated from the van der Waals equation of state, using critical data) and the atomic polarizability. The results for the calculated electron scattering length agree with measured values derived either from the energy shifts of highly excited molecular Rydberg states, perturbed by He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe, or from swarm electron cross-section data for the same gases.

Physical Review A•Jan 1, 1994•13 citations

Measurements of the cross sections of the 2P 1/2-2P 3/2 transition in iodine and bromine atoms

А.А. Ефименко, I. A. Boriev, Eugene B. Gordon

KvanE•Aug 1, 1985•0 citations
Hanle-effect measurements have been made on the (5p46s)4P52(5{p}^{4}6s)^{4}P_{\frac{5}{2}}(5p46s)4P25​​ state of iodine, which is connected to the ground state via the 1830-\AA{} line. The atomic iodine is produced by thermal dissociation of I2{\mathrm{I}}_{2}I2​, and is excited by unpolarized resonance radiation. Using the value of gJ{g}_{J}gJ​ obtained by Keiss and Corliss from high-field Zeeman splittings, we find a radiative life-time of 57.9 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1.4 nsec (all errors quoted are 67% confidence limits). Neither coherence narrowing nor self-broadening is observed, and we place an upper limit of 200 A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2 on the latter process. Cross sections for broadening of the Hanle effect by the rare gases are found to be (in A˚2{\mathrm{\AA{}}}^{2}A˚2): He: 9.8 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1.1; Ne: 19.5 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 1.6; Ar: 37.6 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3.1; Kr: 38.7 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3.8; Xe: 49.2 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 3.1. The relative values of these cross sections are seen to be in agreement with the predictions of a van der Waals interaction.
Electronic and nuclear spin relaxation of optically pumped K atoms has been measured in the presence of He and Ne gases. The nuclear-spin-independent cross sections for the destruction of electronic spin polarization in the 42S124^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}42S21​​ ground state of K are $\ensuremath{\sigma}[\ensuremath{\gamma}(\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{S}}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{N}})](\mathrm{K}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{He})=8.0\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}25}$ cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2 and $\ensuremath{\sigma}[\ensuremath{\gamma}(\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{S}}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{N}})](\mathrm{K}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Ne})=141\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}25}$ cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2. The diffusion coefficients of K in He and Ne, corrected to 273 K, are ${D}_{0}(\mathrm{K}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{He})=0.35$ cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2 ${\mathrm{sec}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$ and ${D}_{0}(\mathrm{K}\ensuremath{-}\mathrm{Ne})=0.19$ cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2 ${\mathrm{sec}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. All measurements have an estimated uncertainty of \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}10%. The relaxation of K is shown to be strongly affected by an anomalous process which is attributed to the modification of the K hyperfine interaction induced by the formation of K-He and K-Ne van der Waals complexes.
We have measured the broadening of Rb87{\mathrm{Rb}}^{87}Rb87 level-crossing signals due to collisions with Rb85{\mathrm{Rb}}^{85}Rb85. The depolarization or broadening rates for the 52P125^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}52P21​​ state orientation, the 52P325^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}52P23​​ state orientation and alignment, and the 52P325^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}52P23​​ state 58-G crossing were measured. Theoretical resonance-broadening depolarization rates for the electronic angular momentum, due to Carrington, Stacey, and Cooper, have been incorporated into calculations of the Hanle-effect signals in the presence of nuclear-spin coupling. The experimental broadening rates are corrected for a minor amount of coherence narrowing. The measured broadening rate for the three 52P325^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}52P23​​ state level-crossing signals are in 20% agreement with the theory. The measured 52P125^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}52P21​​ state broadening rate exceeds the theoretical by about a factor of 2. This discrepancy may be due to the action of the hyperfine interaction during these unusually long duration collisions. The natural lifetimes of the 52P325^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}52P23​​ and 52P125^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}52P21​​ states are determined from the low-density linewidth to be 27.0 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.5 and 29.4 \ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{} 0.7 nsec, respectively.
The Hanle effect on the resonance lines of the Rb87{\mathrm{Rb}}^{87}Rb87 atom has been observed. The line shape of the signal for the $5^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}5^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}$ is found to be Lorentzian, while that for the $5^{2}S_{\frac{1}{2}}\ensuremath{\leftrightarrow}5^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}$ is dispersion-type. The half-width of these lines was observed to be 3.146\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.13 G and 23.0 G\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5%, respectively. These values yield the lifetime of (2.71\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.14) \ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$sec and (3.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.3)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}8}$sec for the 52P325^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}52P23​​ and 52P125^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}52P21​​ states, respectively. The oscillator strengths for the corresponding transitions are found to be 0.673\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03 and 0.32\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.03, respectively. When the temperature of the scattering cell was changed from 0 to 36\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C, an apparent increase of the linewidth at higher temperature was observed. This effect has been explained as a magnetic-field-dependent radiative transfer effect at optical depth of the order of the scattering cell dimensions. When the data were analyzed with such an effect included, the reduced Hanle signal showed no temperature dependence of the half-width.
The cross sections for the collision-induced transfer of excitation from the 2P32^{2}P_{\frac{3}{2}}2P23​​ level to the 2P12^{2}P_{\frac{1}{2}}2P21​​ level of the first excited states of the alkali atoms have been measured for several alkali-noble gas systems. The cross sections were determined with a conventional resonance fluorescence technique in which the radiation from a spectral source was absorbed and re-emitted by an alkali vapor at low pressure (\ensuremath{\sim}${10}^{\ensuremath{-}6}$ Torr), and the scattered light analyzed with a scanning spectrometer. Provision was made for the introduction of various noble gases at controlled pressures into the alkali vapor. The determined cross sections are (in units of ${10}^{\ensuremath{-}16}$ cm2{\mathrm{cm}}^{2}cm2): Na-He, 41.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.9; Na-Ne, 36.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}2.5; Na-Ar, 64.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.2; Na-Kr, 68.2\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.5; Na-Xe, 61.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4.9; K-He, 52.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5.8; K-Ne, 14.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.2; K-Ar, 34.0\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3.1. The quoted errors are estimated 70% confidence intervals. The measurements are compared with other experimental results and with various estimated cross sections.
A theoretical relation between the electron scattering length and the van der Waals approximation to the equation of state is described. The theory provides a simple calculation for the scattering length of neutral atomic scatterers such as rare gases, using two experimental parameters: the hard-core radius (calculated from the van der Waals equation of state, using critical data) and the atomic polarizability. The results for the calculated electron scattering length agree with measured values derived either from the energy shifts of highly excited molecular Rydberg states, perturbed by He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe, or from swarm electron cross-section data for the same gases.