Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review A

Prospect of optical frequency standard based on a Ca+43 ion

Masatoshi Kajita, Ying Li, Kensuke Matsubara, Kazuhiro Hayasaka, Mizuhiko Hosokawa

Published Oct 20, 2005• 47 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An optical frequency standard based on the $S\text{\ensuremath{-}}D$ transition of trapped $^{43}\mathrm{Ca}^{+}$ is possible by using just laser diodes for cooling and probing. We discuss two open problems related to the feasibility of this frequency standard, the attainable frequency uncertainty and the method of initial-state preparation. The uncertainty of the clock transition frequency can be so small as $1\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}15}$. Using a laser system consisting of three lasers at different detunings and polarizations, the ion can be cooled down to the Lamb-Dicke regime and then prepared in the $m=0$ state within a period much shorter than the cooling period without being heated. The details of our numerical simulation are described.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.72.043404

Related papers

Prospect for a Ca/sup +/ optical frequency/wavelength standard

F. Plumelle, Michel Desaintfuscien, M. Houssin

An optical frequency/wavelength standard using the high line Q/sup 2/S/sub 1/2/-/sup 2/D/sub 5/2/ transition of Ca/sup +/ confined in a RF trap and laser cooled is discussed according to the following points: optical excitation scheme to cool the ions and probe the clock transition of an odd isotope of Ca/sup +/ and feasibility of the production of the optical excitations from laser diodes.>

IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement•Apr 1, 1993•9 citations

Single Ca + Ion Trapping toward Precise Frequency Measurement of the 4 2 S 1/2 - 3 2 D 5/2 Transition

Kouki Matsubara, Y. Li, Masatoshi Kajita +3 more

Abstract —We are proceeding with a development of an optical frequency standard using a 2 S 1/2 – 2 D 5/2 electric quadrupole transition of Ca + ions in a small radio-frequency trap. We have theoretically confirmed that an uncertainty of <1 x 10 -15 is attainable in measurement of the 2 S 1/2 – 2 D 5/2 transition frequency. Experimentally, we have developed stable laser-diode systems and observed the quantum jump of single 40 Ca + ions to the 2 D 5/2 state. I. I NTRODUCTION The uncertainty of primary frequency standards using Cs atoms reaches around 10 -15 and the inherent limits involved in them are discussed. On the other hand, frequency standards using new materials and methods are proposed for developing more accurate frequency standards. Recently, several groups have measured frequencies of the ionic forbidden transitions in the optical region to apply them to the clock transitions of optical frequency standards [1]. We now proceeds with study on an optical frequency standard using single Ca

•Aug 31, 2005•2 citations

Towards an optical frequency standard based on a single Ca/sup +/ ion in a miniature trap

Martina Knoop, Mustapha Said Herbane, M. Houssin +2 more

Summary form only given. Among the ions proposed for a frequency standard in the optical domain, Ca/sup +/ is one of the most favorable candidates due to its wavelengths accessible with all-solid-state laser systems. This allows to imagine an ultimate experimental setup being simple and compact. The 4S/sub 1/2/-3D/sub 5/2/ electric quadrupole transition at 729 nm with a natural linewidth below 1 Hz serves as clock transition, while laser cooling on one of the resonance lines is carried out at 397 nm. To obtain the small spectral linewidths necessary for a frequency standard performance, it is essential to reduce the residual Doppler broadening caused by the RF heating in the Paul trap. The first-order Doppler broadening of a single ion can be eliminated in the Lamb-Dicke regime where the ion's amplitude of motion is inferior to the emitted wavelength. The main condition for the access of this frequency modulation regime is a high motional frequency of the trapped ion. This is more easily obtained in a low capacitance device and thus traps with reduced dimensions are required. We have set up a miniature ion trap of the Paul-Straubel-type. The stored ions are observed by a photomultiplier in the photon-counting mode as well as by an intensified CCD camera, permitting the visualization of their spatial behavior. Laser cooling of the Ca/sup +/ ions is carried out on the 4S/sub 1/2/-4P/sup 1/2/ resonance line at 397 nm. Progress on the characterization of the trapped single ion as well as on the generation of the involved wavelengths exclusively by solid-state lasers is reported.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•Aug 29, 2005•0 citations

Probing Ca/sup +/ ions in a miniature trap

Martina Knoop, Mustapha Said Herbane, M. Houssin +3 more

The electric quadrupole transition of confined Ca/sup +/ ions has been proposed as a frequency standard in the visible domain. To access metrologic conditions, we have built a cylindrical miniature trap, allowing to obtain high frequencies of motion and preparing the access to the Lamb-Dicke regime where the first order Doppler broadening is suppressed. Laser cooling and interrogation of the confined ions require lasers at 397 nm and at 729 nm. We propose the generation of these wavelengths using multimode laser diodes and a frequency-doubling set-up.

Joint Conference of the European Frequency and Time Forum and IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (EFTF/IFCS)•Jan 22, 2003•0 citations

The progress of the precision spectroscopy with single trapped and laser cooled 40Ca+ ion

Hua Guan, 高克林, Yao HUANG

The experimental study at Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics (WIPM), Chinese Academy of Scienses (CAS) on the precision spetroscopy based on single trapped Ca+ ion is described in this paper. A single Ca+ ion is trapped in a miniature Paul trap and laser cooled to Lamb-Dicke regime, and the ion can be trapped more than 2 months. The linewidth of the 729 nm laser for probing the Ca+ 4s2S1/2-3d2D5/2 clock transition is reduced to lessthan 1 Hz by locked to a super cavity, and the 729 nm laser can be locked more than 1 month continuously. Two similar Ca + ion optical frequency standards are set up for frequency comparison. The systematic uncertainty is evaluated to be <6 ´ 10−17 for both ftrquency standards. The frequency difference of two frequency standards is measured to be 3.0 (5.5) ´ 10−17 within 42 d. The Allan deviation for a single clock is measured to be 1×10−14τ−1/2 with a 3-d-continuous comparison, the stability for a reaches 7 ´ 10−17 at an averaging time of 20000 s. Meanwhile, the absolute frequency of the Ca+ 4s2S1/2-3d2D5/2 clock transition is measured to be 411042129776401.7(1.1) Hz with respect to the SI second through the Global Positioning System (GPSx). The precision spectroscopy experiments are carried out based on the single Ca+ ion system. The magic wavelengths for the Ca+ optical frequency standardare measured to be λ|mj|=1/2=395.7992(7) nm and λ|mj|=3/2=395.7990(7) nm, which agrees with theoretical calculation made by Tang et al. The lifetime of the 3d2D5/2 is measured to be 1174(10) ms, which is agree with the experimental measurement made by University of Oxford and University of Innsbruck and the recent theoretical calculation made by Sahoo.

Zhongguo kexue. Wulixue Lixue Tianwenxue•Jun 17, 2016•0 citations

Analysis aiming the optical frequency standard with /sup 43/Ca/sup +/ ion

Masatoshi Kajita, Ying Li, K. Matsubara +2 more

This paper discusses two open problems on the feasible frequency standard, namely, initial state preparation method and attainable frequency uncertainty.

European Quantum Electronics Conference (EQEC)•Jan 18, 2006•0 citations
An optical frequency standard based on the S\ensuremath-DS\text{\ensuremath{-}}DS\ensuremath-D transition of trapped 43Ca+^{43}\mathrm{Ca}^{+}43Ca+ is possible by using just laser diodes for cooling and probing. We discuss two open problems related to the feasibility of this frequency standard, the attainable frequency uncertainty and the method of initial-state preparation. The uncertainty of the clock transition frequency can be so small as 1\ifmmode×\else\texttimes\fi10\ensuremath−151\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}15}1\ifmmode×\else\texttimes\fi10\ensuremath−15. Using a laser system consisting of three lasers at different detunings and polarizations, the ion can be cooled down to the Lamb-Dicke regime and then prepared in the m=0m=0m=0 state within a period much shorter than the cooling period without being heated. The details of our numerical simulation are described.
Abstract —We are proceeding with a development of an optical frequency standard using a 2 S 1/2 – 2 D 5/2 electric quadrupole transition of Ca + ions in a small radio-frequency trap. We have theoretically confirmed that an uncertainty of <1 x 10 -15 is attainable in measurement of the 2 S 1/2 – 2 D 5/2 transition frequency. Experimentally, we have developed stable laser-diode systems and observed the quantum jump of single 40 Ca + ions to the 2 D 5/2 state. I. I NTRODUCTION The uncertainty of primary frequency standards using Cs atoms reaches around 10 -15 and the inherent limits involved in them are discussed. On the other hand, frequency standards using new materials and methods are proposed for developing more accurate frequency standards. Recently, several groups have measured frequencies of the ionic forbidden transitions in the optical region to apply them to the clock transitions of optical frequency standards [1]. We now proceeds with study on an optical frequency standard using single Ca
Summary form only given. Among the ions proposed for a frequency standard in the optical domain, Ca/sup +/ is one of the most favorable candidates due to its wavelengths accessible with all-solid-state laser systems. This allows to imagine an ultimate experimental setup being simple and compact. The 4S/sub 1/2/-3D/sub 5/2/ electric quadrupole transition at 729 nm with a natural linewidth below 1 Hz serves as clock transition, while laser cooling on one of the resonance lines is carried out at 397 nm. To obtain the small spectral linewidths necessary for a frequency standard performance, it is essential to reduce the residual Doppler broadening caused by the RF heating in the Paul trap. The first-order Doppler broadening of a single ion can be eliminated in the Lamb-Dicke regime where the ion's amplitude of motion is inferior to the emitted wavelength. The main condition for the access of this frequency modulation regime is a high motional frequency of the trapped ion. This is more easily obtained in a low capacitance device and thus traps with reduced dimensions are required. We have set up a miniature ion trap of the Paul-Straubel-type. The stored ions are observed by a photomultiplier in the photon-counting mode as well as by an intensified CCD camera, permitting the visualization of their spatial behavior. Laser cooling of the Ca/sup +/ ions is carried out on the 4S/sub 1/2/-4P/sup 1/2/ resonance line at 397 nm. Progress on the characterization of the trapped single ion as well as on the generation of the involved wavelengths exclusively by solid-state lasers is reported.
The electric quadrupole transition of confined Ca/sup +/ ions has been proposed as a frequency standard in the visible domain. To access metrologic conditions, we have built a cylindrical miniature trap, allowing to obtain high frequencies of motion and preparing the access to the Lamb-Dicke regime where the first order Doppler broadening is suppressed. Laser cooling and interrogation of the confined ions require lasers at 397 nm and at 729 nm. We propose the generation of these wavelengths using multimode laser diodes and a frequency-doubling set-up.
The experimental study at Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics (WIPM), Chinese Academy of Scienses (CAS) on the precision spetroscopy based on single trapped Ca+ ion is described in this paper. A single Ca+ ion is trapped in a miniature Paul trap and laser cooled to Lamb-Dicke regime, and the ion can be trapped more than 2 months. The linewidth of the 729 nm laser for probing the Ca+ 4s2S1/2-3d2D5/2 clock transition is reduced to lessthan 1 Hz by locked to a super cavity, and the 729 nm laser can be locked more than 1 month continuously. Two similar Ca + ion optical frequency standards are set up for frequency comparison. The systematic uncertainty is evaluated to be <6 ´ 10−17 for both ftrquency standards. The frequency difference of two frequency standards is measured to be 3.0 (5.5) ´ 10−17 within 42 d. The Allan deviation for a single clock is measured to be 1×10−14τ−1/2 with a 3-d-continuous comparison, the stability for a reaches 7 ´ 10−17 at an averaging time of 20000 s. Meanwhile, the absolute frequency of the Ca+ 4s2S1/2-3d2D5/2 clock transition is measured to be 411042129776401.7(1.1) Hz with respect to the SI second through the Global Positioning System (GPSx). The precision spectroscopy experiments are carried out based on the single Ca+ ion system. The magic wavelengths for the Ca+ optical frequency standardare measured to be λ|mj|=1/2=395.7992(7) nm and λ|mj|=3/2=395.7990(7) nm, which agrees with theoretical calculation made by Tang et al. The lifetime of the 3d2D5/2 is measured to be 1174(10) ms, which is agree with the experimental measurement made by University of Oxford and University of Innsbruck and the recent theoretical calculation made by Sahoo.