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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)

High-precision measurement of hyperfine constants of the excited state of Rb atoms by recurrent excitation

K. Nakayama, Masatoshi Misono, T. Mitsui, T. Kohmoto, Yukio Fukuda, Masakazu Kunitomo

Published Nov 13, 2002• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Sub-natural spectroscopy, which is based on the iterative excitation using the atomic response, is studied. The hyperfine signals of the excited state of the Rb D/sub 2/ transition were observed. Precise values of the hyperfine constants were determined.
DOI
10.1109/cleopr.2001.971016

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We demonstrate a technique for frequency measurements of atomic transitions with a precision of 30 kHz. The frequency is measured with a ring-cavity resonator whose length is calibrated against a reference laser locked to the D2 line of 87Rb, the frequency of which is known with 10-kHz accuracy. We have used this method to measure the hyperfine structure in the 5P(3/2) state of 85Rb. We obtain precise values for the hyperfine constants, A = 25.041(6) MHz and B = 26.013(25) MHz, and a value of 77.992(20) MHz for the isotope shift in the D2 line.
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We describe the theoretical analysis and experimental detail of recurrent excitation spectroscopy (RES), which contributes to precise determination of atomic resonance frequency. The basic idea of RES lies in the iterative excitation of the atomic system by radiation. During the preceding excitation, the output field emitted from the atom is recorded in the form of digital data, and the next excitation field is generated in accordance with these data. This recurrent interaction between the atomic system and the radiation field significantly reduces the spectral width of the atomic resonance, while the signal-to-noise ratio remains sufficiently high. To reflect the actual experimental situation, we present a theoretical model in the presence of background white noise, and using this model, analytical and numerical calculations are performed. We find that RES gives a better signal-to-noise ratio compared to the conventional averaging technique until spectral narrowing is terminated. The combination of RES and the digital-data processing technique has been successfully applied to the magnetic resonance of Rb atoms in the sub-MHz region, where our theoretical findings are experimentally confirmed.