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arXiv:1905.08280 · Physical Review Letters

Quantum Transport of Rydberg Excitons with Synthetic Spin-Exchange Interactions

Fan Yang, Shuo Yang, Li You

Published Aug 9, 2019• 30 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We present a scheme for engineering quantum transport dynamics of spin excitations in a chain of laser-dressed Rydberg atoms, mediated by synthetic spin exchange arising from diagonal van der Waals interaction. The dynamic tunability and long-range interaction feature of our scheme allows for the exploration of transport physics unattainable in conventional spin systems. As two concrete examples, we first demonstrate a topological exciton pumping protocol that facilitates quantized entanglement transfer, and second we discuss a highly nonlocal correlated transport phenomenon which persists even in the presence of dephasing. Unlike previous schemes, our proposal requires neither resonant dipole-dipole interaction nor off-diagonal van der Waals interaction. It can be readily implemented in existing experimental systems.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.123.063001

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We present a scheme for engineering quantum transport dynamics of spin excitations in a chain of laser-dressed Rydberg atoms, mediated by synthetic spin exchange arising from diagonal van der Waals interaction. The dynamic tunability and long-range interaction feature of our scheme allows for the exploration of transport physics unattainable in conventional spin systems. As two concrete examples, we first demonstrate a topological exciton pumping protocol that facilitates quantized entanglement transfer, and second we discuss a highly nonlocal correlated transport phenomenon which persists even in the presence of dephasing. Unlike previous schemes, our proposal requires neither resonant dipole-dipole interaction nor off-diagonal van der Waals interaction. It can be readily implemented in existing experimental systems.
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We investigate the transport of excitations through a chain of atoms with nonlocal dissipation introduced through coupling to additional short-lived states. The system is described by an effective spin-1/2 model where the ratio of the exchange interaction strength to the reservoir coupling strength determines the type of transport, including coherent exciton motion, incoherent hopping, and a regime in which an emergent length scale leads to a preferred hopping distance far beyond nearest neighbors. For multiple impurities, the dissipation gives rise to strong nearest-neighbor correlations and entanglement. These results highlight the importance of nontrivial dissipation, correlations, and many-body effects in recent experiments on the dipole-mediated transport of Rydberg excitations.
Topological pumping is a paradigmatic realization of quantized transport in band systems, yet its fate in strongly correlated regimes, especially with long-range interactions, remains largely unexplored. Here we report the experimental observation of interaction-enabled topological pumping of correlated Rydberg electrons in a synthetic lattice. We show that dipolar exchange interactions induce a controllable shift of the underlying topological singularity in parameter space, such that a fixed pumping trajectory can be driven through successive topological transitions by tuning the interaction strength alone. This leads to the emergence and breakdown of quantized transport. The observations are consistent with an effective Rice-Mele description with interaction-renormalized onsite potentials and are supported by characterizing the adiabaticity and robustness to control trajectory imperfections. Our results establish a platform for exploring interaction-controlled topological transport beyond perturbative regimes and open a route toward engineering correlated topological matter in synthetic quantum systems.
Quantum state transport is an important way to study the energy or information flow. By combining the unconventional Rydberg pumping mechanism and the diagonal form of van der Waals interactions, we construct a theoretical model via second-order perturbation theory to realize a long-range coherent transport inside the ground-state manifold of neutral atoms systems. With the adjustment of the Rabi frequencies and the interatomic distance, this model can be used to simulate various single-body physics phenomena such as a Heisenberg XXXXXX spin chain restricted in the single-excitation manifold, coherently perfect quantum state transfer, the parameter-adjustable Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model, and chiral motion of atomic excitation in a triangle by varying the geometrical arrangement of the three atoms, which effectively avoids the influence of atomic spontaneous emission at the same time. Moreover, the influence of atomic position fluctuation on the fidelity of quantum state transmission is discussed in detail, and the corresponding numerical results show that our work provides a robust and easily implemented scheme for quantum state transport with neutral atoms.
We propose a scheme that employs dissipation to deterministically generate entanglement in an ensemble of strongly interacting Rydberg atoms. With a combination of microwave driving between different Rydberg levels and a resonant laser coupling to a short-lived atomic state, the ensemble can be driven towards a dark steady state that entangles all atoms. The long-range resonant dipole-dipole interaction between different Rydberg states extends the entanglement beyond the van der Waals interaction range with perspectives for entangling atoms in separate ensembles.
We show how to create long-range interactions between alkali atoms in different hyperfine ground states, with the goal of coherent quantum transport. The scheme uses off-resonant dressing with atomic Rydberg states. We demonstrate coherent migration of electronic excitation through dressed dipole–dipole interaction by full solutions of models with four essential states per atom and give the structure of the spectrum of dressed states for a dimer. In addition, we present an effective (perturbative) Hamiltonian for the ground-state manifold and show that it correctly describes the full multi-state dynamics. We discuss excitation transport in detail for a chain of five atoms. In the presented scheme, the actual population in the Rydberg state is kept small. Dressing offers many advantages over the direct use of Rydberg levels: it reduces ionization probabilities and provides an additional tuning parameter for lifetimes and interaction strengths.