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arXiv:1211.0082

Complete analysis and generation of hyperentangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state for photons using quantum-dot spins in optical microcavities

Tie-Jun Wang, Siyu Song, Long, Gui Lu

Published Nov 1, 2012• 3 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We propose a scheme for the complete differentiation of 64 three-photon hyperentangled GHZ states in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedoms using the quantum-dot cavity system. The three-photon hyperentangled-GHZ-state-analysis scheme can also be used to generate 3-photon hyperentangled GHZ states. This proposed hyperentangled analysis and generation device can serve as crucial components of the high-capacity, long-distance quantum communication. We use quantum swapping as an example to show the application of this device in quantum communication with polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedoms. Using numerical calculations, we show that the present scheme may be feasible in strong-coupling regimes with current technologies.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1211.0082

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We propose a scheme for the complete differentiation of 64 three-photon hyperentangled GHZ states in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedoms using the quantum-dot cavity system. The three-photon hyperentangled-GHZ-state-analysis scheme can also be used to generate 3-photon hyperentangled GHZ states. This proposed hyperentangled analysis and generation device can serve as crucial components of the high-capacity, long-distance quantum communication. We use quantum swapping as an example to show the application of this device in quantum communication with polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedoms. Using numerical calculations, we show that the present scheme may be feasible in strong-coupling regimes with current technologies.
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We propose a scheme for the production of hyperentangled photon pairs as well as for the complete differentiation of 16 hyperentangled Bell states in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom using the quantum-dot cavity systems. This hyperentangled-Bell-state photon generation and the complete hyperentangled-Bell-state-analysis device can serve as crucial components of the high-capacity, long-distance quantum communication. We use the hyperentanglement quantum repeater as an example to show the application of this device. When the hyperentanglement quantum repeater operation is complete, two parties that are far from each other in quantum communication can share two Bell-state spin pairs simultaneously. By using numerical calculations we prove that the present scheme can both work in the weak- and strong-coupling regimes with current technology.
Entangled state analysis is one of the basic techniques in quantum information processing. However, it is impossible to fully distinguish the three-photon Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states with only linear optical elements. Here, we propose a deterministic scheme to complete three-photon spatial-polarization hyperentangled GHZ-state analysis (HGSA) by using the giant optical Faraday rotation induced by an excess electron spin in a quantum dot inside a one-sided optical microcavity as a result of cavity quantum electrodynamics. It is divided into two steps. The first step is used to distinguish the eight three-photon GHZ states in the spatial-mode degree of freedom (DOF) without destroying the polarization states. The second step is used to distinguish the eight GHZ states in the polarization DOF. This scheme can be generalized to N-photon spatial-polarization HGSA and has useful applications in quantum communication protocols.
Bell-state analysis (BSA) is essential in quantum communication, but it is impossible to distinguish unambiguously the four Bell states in the polarization degree of freedom (DOF) of two-photon systems with only linear optical elements, except for the case in which the BSA is assisted with hyperentangled states, the simultaneous entanglement in more than one DOF. Here, we propose a scheme to distinguish completely the 16 hyperentangled Bell states in both the polarization and the spatial-mode DOFs of two-photon systems, by using the giant nonlinear optics in quantum dot-cavity systems. This scheme can be applied to increase the channel capacity of long-distance quantum communication based on hyperentanglement, such as entanglement swapping, teleportation, and superdense coding. We use hyperentanglement swapping as an example to show the application of this HBSA.
The entangled states analysis is a very important element for quantum information. It is impossible to unambiguously distinguish the three-photon Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states in polarization, resorting to linear optical elements only. Here, we propose an efficient scheme to complete three-photon hyperentangled GHZ states analysis (HGSA) with the help of the cross-Kerr nonlinearity. The three-photon HGSA scheme can also be generalized to N-photon hyperentangled GHZ states analysis. We discuss the application of the HGSA in the quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) with polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom. The results show that the HGSA not only increase the channel capacity but also ensure the unconditional security in long-distance quantum communication.
We propose a scheme for the preparation of a spin-qubit Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state and W state by using quantum dots (QDs) in double-sided optical microcavities with the help of polarized photons. The spin-selective photon reflection from the cavity provides us a perfect way to achieve the scheme by adding some simple linear optical elements and conventional photon detectors. A numerical simulation demonstrates that a perfect scheme of the GHZ state and W state generation can be achieved in one step, and high fidelities can be realized when the side leakage and cavity loss are low, which is feasible in the weak coupling regime. Therefore, our scheme might contribute to quantum communication, quantum teleportation, and some other fields in quantum information processing.