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arXiv:quant-ph/0406153

The Theory of Two-Photon Interference in an EIT System

Jianming Wen, Morton H. Rubin

Published Jun 22, 2004• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We examine the possibility of storing and retrieving a single photon using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We consider the theory of a proof of principle two-photon interference experiment, in which an atomic vapor cell is placed in one arm of a two-photon interferometer. Since the two-photon state is entangled, we can examine the degree to which entanglement survives. We show that while the experiment might be difficult, it should be possible to perform. We also show that the two-photon interference pattern has oscillatory behavior. pacs 42.50.Ct, 42.50.Dv, 42.50.Gy, 42.50.St

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0406153

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Theory of two-photon interference in an electromagnetically induced transparency system

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•Jan 1, 2008•0 citations
We examine the possibility of storing and retrieving a single photon using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). We consider the theory of a proof of principle two-photon interference experiment, in which an atomic vapor cell is placed in one arm of a two-photon interferometer. Since the two-photon state is entangled, we can examine the degree to which entanglement survives. We show that while the experiment might be difficult, it should be possible to perform. We also show that the two-photon interference pattern has oscillatory behavior. pacs 42.50.Ct, 42.50.Dv, 42.50.Gy, 42.50.St
We examine the possibility of storing and retrieving a single photon using electromagnetically induced transparency. We consider the theory of a proof-of-principle two-photon interference experiment, in which an atomic vapor cell is placed in one arm of a two-photon interferometer. Since the two-photon state is entangled, we can examine the degree to which entanglement survives. We show that while the experiment might be difficult, it should be possible to perform. We also show that the two-photon interference pattern has oscillatory behavior.
In this paper, we have analysed in detail the quantum interference of the degenerate narrowband two-photon state by using a Mach–Zehnder interferometer, in which an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium is placed in one of two interfering beams. Our results clearly show that it is possible to coherently keep the quantum state at a single photon level in the EIT process, especially when the transparent window of the EIT medium is much larger than the bandwidth of the single photon. This shows that the EIT medium is possibly a kind of memory or repeater for the narrowband photons in the areas of quantum communication and quantum computer. This kind of experiment is feasible within the current technology.
Summary form only given. It has been shown that two-photon absorption can be controlled by quantum interference in the multiple excitation paths created by a coupling field. Recently, Harris and Yamamoto (1998) described a four-level system that utilizes electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to switch on and off the two-photon excitation. Because the cancellation of the one-photon excitation, the enhanced two-photon excitation may be observable under very low light intensities. We have carried out an experimental study of two-photon excitation via quantum interference in multi-level Rb atomic systems based on the D/sub 1/ and D/sub 2/ transitions. The Rb systems can be viewed as quasi-four level systems. The experiments were done in an /sup 87/Rb isotope vapor cell.
Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) has become an invaluable resource for numerous applications in quantum information theory, fundamental physics, nonlinear optics and precision metrology. This thesis is concerned with an extension to EIT: double- EIT, in which two separate optical fields experience EIT due to a coherence between a common ground state. Double EIT has appeared as the basis for a number of theoretical proposals but has yet to be demonstrated and analyzed experimentally. In this thesis, a double-EIT system is experimentally implemented and analyzed, using a hot vapor of rubidium-87 atoms. The interplay between the two signal fields is studied and properties are found to emerge which may prove useful for application. An application of double EIT which in principle allows large nonlinear interactions between light pulses as low as several photons per atomic cross section is discussed. Progress towards a physical demonstration of this effect is reported and prospects for further work in this direction are then described.