Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Double electromagnetically induced transparency

Andrew MacRae

Published Jan 1, 2008• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) has become an invaluable resource for numerous applications in quantum information theory, fundamental physics, nonlinear optics and precision metrology. This thesis is concerned with an extension to EIT: double- EIT, in which two separate optical fields experience EIT due to a coherence between a common ground state. Double EIT has appeared as the basis for a number of theoretical proposals but has yet to be demonstrated and analyzed experimentally. In this thesis, a double-EIT system is experimentally implemented and analyzed, using a hot vapor of rubidium-87 atoms. The interplay between the two signal fields is studied and properties are found to emerge which may prove useful for application. An application of double EIT which in principle allows large nonlinear interactions between light pulses as low as several photons per atomic cross section is discussed. Progress towards a physical demonstration of this effect is reported and prospects for further work in this direction are then described.

DOI
10.11575/prism/2086

Related papers

Transient dynamics in electromagnetically induced transparency

Jamal Mohammad Khani

Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) has proven to be an invaluable resource for numerous applications in quantum technology, specifically in quantum memories, quantum repeaters, and quantum sensors. EIT also has significant applications in fundamental physics and nonlinear optics. Given that EIT is a foundational component of future quantum technology, a comprehensive understanding of its parameters is essential for the development of future devices. This thesis focuses on the transient dynamics of EIT, specifically examining oscillations in the absorption of the Probe Field (PF) as a means to determine the decoherence of the ground states. Transient EIT has been explored in previous theoretical and experimental studies across various systems, including Cold Atoms (CAs) and hot vapor media. Here, transient EIT is studied theoretically, numerically, and experimentally. Parameter exploration has been conducted to understand the effects of different parameters on the transient behavior of EIT and to identify which decoherence mechanisms have the most significant impact on the quality of EIT. Experimentally, we explored a hot atomic vapour of, naturally abundant Rubidium (Rb) atoms. Additionally, progress towards constructing a CAs system, using a Magneto-Optical Trap (MOT) from scratch was made, opening the door to future studies of this system.

•Jan 1, 2024•0 citations

Dynamics of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency Optical Kerr nonlinearities

Michael Vern Pack

This thesis presents theoretical derivations and experimental demonstrations of Kerr optical nonlinearities and their dynamics. The Kerr nonlinearity studied is based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), and is known for having an unusually large cross-phase modulation (XPM) [1]. Also, quantum nondemolition (QND) measurements of photon number using the EIT Kerr nonlinearity are discussed. We first discuss the EIT line shapes in hot atomic vapors both with and without buffer gasses, and for the specific case of EIT line shapes on the D1 line of rubidium. Using a Bloch-vector formalism to describe EIT, we derive new expressions describing the dynamical evolution of the EIT Kerr nonlinearity and the rise-time of the EIT Kerr effect. The theory of the EIT Kerr dynamics is confirmed by experiments using hot rubidium vapor in a buffer gas. These experimental observations confirm that the rise-time of the EIT Kerr effect is linearly proportional to the optical thickness of the EIT medium and inversely proportional to the width of the EIT transparency resonance.

•Dec 1, 2007•0 citations

Nonlinear optical effects manifested by electromagnetic induced transparency in cold atoms

Jiepeng Zhang

This dissertation reports experimental studies of nonlinear optical effects manifested by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in cold Rb atoms. The cold Rb atoms are confined in a magneto-optic trap (MOT) obtained with the standard laser cooling and trapping technique. Because of the near zero Doppler shift and a high phase density, the cold Rb sample is well suited for studies of atomic coherence and interference and related applications, and the experiments can be compared quantitatively with theoretical calculations. It is shown that with EIT induced in the multi-level Rb system by laser fields, the linear absorption is suppressed and the nonlinear susceptibility is enhanced, which enables studies of nonlinear optics in the cold atoms with slow photons and at low light intensities. Three independent experiments are described and the experimental results are presented. First, an experimental method that can produce simultaneously co-propagating slow and fast light pulses is discussed and the experimental demonstration is reported. Second, it is shown that in a three-level Rb system coupled by multi-color laser fields, the multi-channel two-photon Raman transitions can be manipulated by the relative phase and frequency of a control laser field. Third, a scheme for all-optical switching near single photon levels is developed. The scheme is based on the phase-dependent multi-photon interference in a coherently coupled four-level system. The phase dependent multi-photon interference is observed and switching of a single light pulse by a control pulse containing ∼20 photons is demonstrated. These experimental studies reveal new phenomena manifested by quantum coherence and interference in cold atoms, contribute to the advancement of fundamental quantum optics and nonlinear optics at ultra-low light intensities, and may lead to the development of new techniques to control quantum states of atoms and photons, which will be useful for applications in quantum measurements and quantum photonic devices.

•Oct 1, 2008•0 citations

Controllable Optical Properties of Multiple Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in Gaseous Atomic Media

Bang Nguyen Huy, Doai Le Van, Khoa Dinh Xuan

The advent of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) offered a new coherent material with exotic and controllable optical properties. Although, studies on single-EIT are described in detail for single-EIT, however, extension from single- to multi- EIT is currently of current interest due to it gains advantages in multi-channel optical communication, waveguides for optical signal processing and multi-channel quantum information processing. In this work, we review recent research works concerning multi-EIT and some related applications, as controlling group velocity of light, giant Kerr nonlinearity, optical bistability. A special attention of the review also gives for analytical interpretations of EIT spectrum, its dispersion and related applications such as EIT enhanced Kerr nonlinearity and optical bistability to give physics insight. From experimental point of view, a latest development for measuring multi-EIT spectrum and its dispersion in hot medium is presented and compared to theoretical analytical representations.

Communications in Physics•Feb 5, 2019•20 citations

Quantum storage of optical signals and coherent manipulation of quantum states based on electromagnetically induced transparency

Hai Wang, Changde Xie, Kunchi Peng

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) techniques are important tools for the storage of the quantum states of light fields in atomic ensembles and for enhancement of the interaction between photons. In this paper, we briefly summarize the recent experimental studies conducted by our group on enhanced cross-phase modulation based on double EIT effects, the quantum interference of stored dual-channel spin-wave excitations and the coherent manipulation of the spin wave vector for the polarization of photons in a single tripod atomic system. The work presented here has potential application in the developing field of quantum information processing.

Chinese Science Bulletin•May 31, 2012•5 citations

Electromagnetically induced transparency: Optics in coherent media

Michael Fleischhauer, Ataç İmamoğlu, J. P. Marangos

Coherent preparation by laser light of quantum states of atoms and molecules can lead to quantum interference in the amplitudes of optical transitions. In this way the optical properties of a medium can be dramatically modified, leading to electromagnetically induced transparency and related effects, which have placed gas-phase systems at the center of recent advances in the development of media with radically new optical properties. This article reviews these advances and the new possibilities they offer for nonlinear optics and quantum information science. As a basis for the theory of electromagnetically induced transparency the authors consider the atomic dynamics and the optical response of the medium to a continuous-wave laser. They then discuss pulse propagation and the adiabatic evolution of field-coupled states and show how coherently prepared media can be used to improve frequency conversion in nonlinear optical mixing experiments. The extension of these concepts to very weak optical fields in the few-photon limit is then examined. The review concludes with a discussion of future prospects and potential new applications.

Reviews of Modern Physics•Jul 12, 2005•5,187 citations
Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) has become an invaluable resource for numerous applications in quantum information theory, fundamental physics, nonlinear optics and precision metrology. This thesis is concerned with an extension to EIT: double- EIT, in which two separate optical fields experience EIT due to a coherence between a common ground state. Double EIT has appeared as the basis for a number of theoretical proposals but has yet to be demonstrated and analyzed experimentally. In this thesis, a double-EIT system is experimentally implemented and analyzed, using a hot vapor of rubidium-87 atoms. The interplay between the two signal fields is studied and properties are found to emerge which may prove useful for application. An application of double EIT which in principle allows large nonlinear interactions between light pulses as low as several photons per atomic cross section is discussed. Progress towards a physical demonstration of this effect is reported and prospects for further work in this direction are then described.
Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) has proven to be an invaluable resource for numerous applications in quantum technology, specifically in quantum memories, quantum repeaters, and quantum sensors. EIT also has significant applications in fundamental physics and nonlinear optics. Given that EIT is a foundational component of future quantum technology, a comprehensive understanding of its parameters is essential for the development of future devices. This thesis focuses on the transient dynamics of EIT, specifically examining oscillations in the absorption of the Probe Field (PF) as a means to determine the decoherence of the ground states. Transient EIT has been explored in previous theoretical and experimental studies across various systems, including Cold Atoms (CAs) and hot vapor media. Here, transient EIT is studied theoretically, numerically, and experimentally. Parameter exploration has been conducted to understand the effects of different parameters on the transient behavior of EIT and to identify which decoherence mechanisms have the most significant impact on the quality of EIT. Experimentally, we explored a hot atomic vapour of, naturally abundant Rubidium (Rb) atoms. Additionally, progress towards constructing a CAs system, using a Magneto-Optical Trap (MOT) from scratch was made, opening the door to future studies of this system.
This thesis presents theoretical derivations and experimental demonstrations of Kerr optical nonlinearities and their dynamics. The Kerr nonlinearity studied is based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), and is known for having an unusually large cross-phase modulation (XPM) [1]. Also, quantum nondemolition (QND) measurements of photon number using the EIT Kerr nonlinearity are discussed. We first discuss the EIT line shapes in hot atomic vapors both with and without buffer gasses, and for the specific case of EIT line shapes on the D1 line of rubidium. Using a Bloch-vector formalism to describe EIT, we derive new expressions describing the dynamical evolution of the EIT Kerr nonlinearity and the rise-time of the EIT Kerr effect. The theory of the EIT Kerr dynamics is confirmed by experiments using hot rubidium vapor in a buffer gas. These experimental observations confirm that the rise-time of the EIT Kerr effect is linearly proportional to the optical thickness of the EIT medium and inversely proportional to the width of the EIT transparency resonance.
This dissertation reports experimental studies of nonlinear optical effects manifested by electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in cold Rb atoms. The cold Rb atoms are confined in a magneto-optic trap (MOT) obtained with the standard laser cooling and trapping technique. Because of the near zero Doppler shift and a high phase density, the cold Rb sample is well suited for studies of atomic coherence and interference and related applications, and the experiments can be compared quantitatively with theoretical calculations. It is shown that with EIT induced in the multi-level Rb system by laser fields, the linear absorption is suppressed and the nonlinear susceptibility is enhanced, which enables studies of nonlinear optics in the cold atoms with slow photons and at low light intensities. Three independent experiments are described and the experimental results are presented. First, an experimental method that can produce simultaneously co-propagating slow and fast light pulses is discussed and the experimental demonstration is reported. Second, it is shown that in a three-level Rb system coupled by multi-color laser fields, the multi-channel two-photon Raman transitions can be manipulated by the relative phase and frequency of a control laser field. Third, a scheme for all-optical switching near single photon levels is developed. The scheme is based on the phase-dependent multi-photon interference in a coherently coupled four-level system. The phase dependent multi-photon interference is observed and switching of a single light pulse by a control pulse containing ∼20 photons is demonstrated. These experimental studies reveal new phenomena manifested by quantum coherence and interference in cold atoms, contribute to the advancement of fundamental quantum optics and nonlinear optics at ultra-low light intensities, and may lead to the development of new techniques to control quantum states of atoms and photons, which will be useful for applications in quantum measurements and quantum photonic devices.
The advent of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) offered a new coherent material with exotic and controllable optical properties. Although, studies on single-EIT are described in detail for single-EIT, however, extension from single- to multi- EIT is currently of current interest due to it gains advantages in multi-channel optical communication, waveguides for optical signal processing and multi-channel quantum information processing. In this work, we review recent research works concerning multi-EIT and some related applications, as controlling group velocity of light, giant Kerr nonlinearity, optical bistability. A special attention of the review also gives for analytical interpretations of EIT spectrum, its dispersion and related applications such as EIT enhanced Kerr nonlinearity and optical bistability to give physics insight. From experimental point of view, a latest development for measuring multi-EIT spectrum and its dispersion in hot medium is presented and compared to theoretical analytical representations.
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) techniques are important tools for the storage of the quantum states of light fields in atomic ensembles and for enhancement of the interaction between photons. In this paper, we briefly summarize the recent experimental studies conducted by our group on enhanced cross-phase modulation based on double EIT effects, the quantum interference of stored dual-channel spin-wave excitations and the coherent manipulation of the spin wave vector for the polarization of photons in a single tripod atomic system. The work presented here has potential application in the developing field of quantum information processing.
Coherent preparation by laser light of quantum states of atoms and molecules can lead to quantum interference in the amplitudes of optical transitions. In this way the optical properties of a medium can be dramatically modified, leading to electromagnetically induced transparency and related effects, which have placed gas-phase systems at the center of recent advances in the development of media with radically new optical properties. This article reviews these advances and the new possibilities they offer for nonlinear optics and quantum information science. As a basis for the theory of electromagnetically induced transparency the authors consider the atomic dynamics and the optical response of the medium to a continuous-wave laser. They then discuss pulse propagation and the adiabatic evolution of field-coupled states and show how coherently prepared media can be used to improve frequency conversion in nonlinear optical mixing experiments. The extension of these concepts to very weak optical fields in the few-photon limit is then examined. The review concludes with a discussion of future prospects and potential new applications.