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arXiv:quant-ph/0304141 · Chinese Physics Letters

Deterministic Secure Communication Without Using Entanglement

Qing-yu Cai, Baiwen Li

Published Mar 17, 2004• 266 citations
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Abstract

We show a deterministic secure direct communication protocol using single qubit in a mixed state. The security of this protocol is based on the security proof of BB84 protocol. It can be realized by the current technologies.
DOI
10.1088/0256-307x/21/4/003

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Based on the 'ping-pong' quantum communication protocol proposed by Bostroverset..o\\overset{..}{o}overset..om and Felbinger [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 187902 (2002)], we show a deterministic secure direct communication protocol using single qubit in mixed state. This single qubit protocol is an asymptotically secure key distribution. It can be realized with today's technology. In principle, even if the single qubit source is not perfect, this protocol is also secure.
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A novel secure communication protocol is presented, based on an entangled pair of qubits and allowing asymptotically secure key distribution and quasisecure direct communication. Since the information is transferred in a deterministic manner, no qubits have to be discarded. The transmission of information is instantaneous, i.e., the information can be decoded during the transmission. The security against arbitrary eavesdropping attacks is provided. In case of eavesdropping attacks with full information gain, the detection rate is 50% per control transmission. The experimental realization of the protocol is feasible with relatively small effort, which also makes commercial applications conceivable.