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Chinese Physics Letters

Deterministic Secure Communication Without Using Entanglement

蔡庆宇, 李白文

Published Jan 1, 2004• 4 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

We show a deterministic secure direct communication protocol using single qubit in a mixed state. The security of this protocol is based on the security proof of BB84 protocol. It can be realized by the current technologies.

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Chinese Physics Letters•Jan 1, 2005•1 citation
Based on the 'ping-pong' quantum communication protocol proposed by Bostroverset..o\\overset{..}{o}overset..om and Felbinger [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 187902 (2002)], we show a deterministic secure direct communication protocol using single qubit in mixed state. This single qubit protocol is an asymptotically secure key distribution. It can be realized with today's technology. In principle, even if the single qubit source is not perfect, this protocol is also secure.
This paper presents a deterministic BB84 (dBB84) protocol that not only inherits the unconditional security of the original BB84 protocol but also enables the receiver to deterministically measure and decode all qubits sent by the sender. The proposed dBB84 protocol is then extended to be a deterministic secure quantum communication (DSQC) protocol wherein the sender can securely transmit secret messages to the receiver via quantum channels and the receiver can read out the secret messages only after receiving an additional classical bit for each qubit from the sender. In contrast to the existing single-photon-based secure communication protocols, which require the sender to either prepare two-qubit photon states or to establish two-way quantum channels with the receiver, the newly proposed protocol requires the sender to prepare single-qubit photon states for message transmissions and only set up one-way quantum channels to the receiver. Therefore, the proposed protocol is very suitable and feasible in practical applications.
A novel secure communication protocol is presented, based on an entangled pair of qubits and allowing asymptotically secure key distribution and quasisecure direct communication. Since the information is transferred in a deterministic manner, no qubits have to be discarded. The transmission of information is instantaneous, i.e., the information can be decoded during the transmission. The security against arbitrary eavesdropping attacks is provided. In case of eavesdropping attacks with full information gain, the detection rate is 50% per control transmission. The experimental realization of the protocol is feasible with relatively small effort, which also makes commercial applications conceivable.