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arXiv:quant-ph/0103015 · Physical Review A

Tunneling and traversal of ultracold atoms through vacuum-induced potentials

R. Arun, G. S. Agarwal

Published Nov 16, 2001• 27 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We examine the passage of ultracold two-level atoms through the potential produced by the vacuum of the cavity field. We find that the phase time may be considered as the appropriate measure of the time required for the atom to traverse the cavity. The phase tunneling time for ultracold atoms exhibits both super- and sub-classical time and we show how this behavior may be understood in terms of the momentum dependence of the phase of transmission amplitude. The passage of the atom through the cavity is unique, as it involves a coherent addition of the transition amplitudes corresponding to both barrier and well.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.64.065802

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We examine the passage of ultracold two-level atoms through the potential produced by the vacuum of the cavity field. We find that the phase time may be considered as the appropriate measure of the time required for the atom to traverse the cavity. The phase tunneling time for ultracold atoms exhibits both super- and sub-classical time and we show how this behavior may be understood in terms of the momentum dependence of the phase of transmission amplitude. The passage of the atom through the cavity is unique, as it involves a coherent addition of the transition amplitudes corresponding to both barrier and well.
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The passage of ultracold three-level atoms through the potential induced by the vacuum cavity mode is discussed using cascade atomic configuration. We study the tunneling or traversal time of the ultracold atoms via a bimodal high-QQQ cavity. It is found that the phase time, which may be considered as a measure for the time required to traverse the cavity, exhibits superclassical and subclassical behaviors. Further, the dark states and interference effects in cascade atomic configuration may influence the passage time of the atom through the cavity.
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Abstract We explore the traversal essence of the ultracold atoms propagating through high-quality cavities in vacuum, Fock state and coherent field distribution. The atom-field interaction is considered for a two-photon resonance process which transforms into a scattering-like venture with non-zero reflection/transmission probabilities. Here the field statistics strongly effects the interaction process and hence the tunneling time of the incident atoms through the cavity. We examine the propagation of the wave packet peaks associated with the atoms and referred it as the phase time of tunneling. It is found that for suitable field distributions, demeanor of the tunneling time might be smartly transposed from sub- to the super-classical nature. Further, extent and site of the sub- and superclassical peaks on the energy axis can be vigorously managed via the field intensity of the mazer cavity. Moreover, the mazer action (scattering like behavior) can be accomplished even for thermal atoms while using somewhat higher intensities of the field.