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Physica Scripta

Tunneling time of the ultracold atoms: effects of the injected atomic coherence and field statistics

Fazal Badshah, Abdul Basit, Hamad Ali, Guo-Qin Ge, Shahid Qamar

Published Apr 20, 2020• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Abstract We inspect the tunneling characteristics of ultraslow atoms through the coherent field of a high quality cavity. The potential offered by the cavity is due to multiple barriers and well constituents that dictate propagation of the atoms through the cavity. We examine tunneling time of the traversal corresponding to the maximal constructive/destructive interference by tuning parameters of the injected coherence. It is found that the sub- superclassical character of the tunneling time can be efficiently controlled through the phase of the injected atomic coherence. Further, mazer action (i.e. the scattering like aspect of the interaction) may be obtained for somewhat faster atoms by employing an intense cavity field. For one of the dressed state ( Φ b = b , 0 ), our system offers a free transmission as the incident atoms examine zero potential.

DOI
10.1088/1402-4896/ab8b28

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Abstract We inspect the tunneling characteristics of ultraslow atoms through the coherent field of a high quality cavity. The potential offered by the cavity is due to multiple barriers and well constituents that dictate propagation of the atoms through the cavity. We examine tunneling time of the traversal corresponding to the maximal constructive/destructive interference by tuning parameters of the injected coherence. It is found that the sub- superclassical character of the tunneling time can be efficiently controlled through the phase of the injected atomic coherence. Further, mazer action (i.e. the scattering like aspect of the interaction) may be obtained for somewhat faster atoms by employing an intense cavity field. For one of the dressed state ( Φ b = b , 0 ), our system offers a free transmission as the incident atoms examine zero potential.
We examine the traversal aspect of ultracold two-level atoms through a high-quality two-photon mazer with squeezed vacuum and coherent field distributions. Here the net cavity potential is constituted by the coherent addition of multiple barriers and well potentials, which is quite different from the potential offered by a cavity in the Fock or vacuum state. For squeezed vacuum and coherent field distributions, one gets different phase times ( t p h ) for different modes of the distribution, which are then averaged by taking the weighted mean on the t p h over the n-dependent transmission probability. It is found that the nature, intensity of the field, and injected coherence of the incident atoms have a decisive role in controlling peak values and sub- and superclassical traversals of the tunneling atoms. For two of the system’s dressed states ( | Φ b 0 ⟩ , | Φ b 1 ⟩ ), the cavity offers reflectionless transmission, as the atoms experience zero potential due to the dark state formation. Moreover, for a somewhat intense cavity field, mazer action (scattering-type behavior) may be obtained for an extended range of energies due to increased cavity potential in the course of atom–cavity interaction.
Abstract We study the tunneling time of ultracold V-type atoms interacting a high quality microwave cavity. Here atomic coherence is introduced in the system by a strong driving field which couples the two lower states of the three-level atom. It is found that in the presence of coherence, mazer action or the scattering like nature of the interaction may be examined for extended energies of the incident cold atoms. Our results show that position and amplitudes of the peak values of the phase time (traversal time) may be very effectively controlled by the coherent driving field. Further, here we obtained superclassical values of the phase time corresponding to much higher values of the transmission amplitudes of the tunneling atoms which may be advantageous in the possible experimental realization of the superclassical tunneling time of the traversing cold atoms. In addition, we examine a mirror reflection type symmetry in the phase time curve for a judicious choice of the external driving field .
Abstract We explore the traversal essence of the ultracold atoms propagating through high-quality cavities in vacuum, Fock state and coherent field distribution. The atom-field interaction is considered for a two-photon resonance process which transforms into a scattering-like venture with non-zero reflection/transmission probabilities. Here the field statistics strongly effects the interaction process and hence the tunneling time of the incident atoms through the cavity. We examine the propagation of the wave packet peaks associated with the atoms and referred it as the phase time of tunneling. It is found that for suitable field distributions, demeanor of the tunneling time might be smartly transposed from sub- to the super-classical nature. Further, extent and site of the sub- and superclassical peaks on the energy axis can be vigorously managed via the field intensity of the mazer cavity. Moreover, the mazer action (scattering like behavior) can be accomplished even for thermal atoms while using somewhat higher intensities of the field.
Our research aims to investigate the impact of injecting atomic coherence on the phase tunneling time of ultra slow cascade three-level atoms traversing through high-quality cavities. Prior to interacting with the cavity in the Fock state, the atoms are initially prepared in a superposition of the two upper levels. Our study has demonstrated that the coherence of the injected atoms can be tuned to control the phase time. Specifically, we have observed that the injected coherence can regulate the peak values and sub-superclassical nature of the traversal time. Moreover, we have investigated how the number of superclassical peaks and resonances in the tunneling time curve can be influenced by the cavity length and de Broglie waves of the atom. Additionally, we have discovered that the phase time behavior is not only affected by the center-of-mass (CM) motion but also by the atom–field detuning and the final internal state of the transmitted atoms. These findings have potential implications for developing and controlling ultracold atom-based technologies, such as quantum sensors, quantum information processing, and quantum simulation.
We study the resonant tunneling of ultraslow atoms through a system of high quality microwave cavities. We find that the phase tunneling time across the two coupled cavities exhibits more frequent resonances as compared to the single cavity interaction. The increased resonances are instrumental in the display of an alternate sub and superclassical character of the tunneling time along the momentum axis with increasing energies of the incident slow atoms. Here, the intercavity separation appears as an additional controlling parameter of the system that provides an efficient control of the superclassical behavior of the phase tunneling time. Further, we find that the phase time characteristics through two cavity system has the combined features of the tunneling through a double barrier and a double well arrangements.
Abstract We study the tunneling and traversal time of ultracold two-level atoms through a high quality microwave cavity containing N − 1 ground state atoms. The phase time of tunneling may be considered as a measure of the time required to traverse the cavity which exhibits both super and subclassical traversal behaviors. Here we examine that superclassical phase time behavior suppresses with the increase in the number of motionless ground state atoms inside the cavity. It happens due to the multipartite influence in the interaction that traps the incident atom into its upper state such that it does not observe any induced potential. Accordingly, for larger atomic samples, the incident atoms in the initial excited states get perfect transmission and tunnel through the cavity nearly with the same speed as they would have moved through a free space. This is true for any width of potential and the particle’s speed provided that the center-of-mass energy of the incident particle lies in the classically forbidden range.