Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Physical Review A

Tunneling and traversal of ultracold three-level atoms through vacuum-induced potentials

Fazal Badshah, Muhammad Irfan, Sajid Qamar, Shahid Qamar

Published Sep 12, 2011• 14 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The passage of ultracold three-level atoms through the potential induced by the vacuum cavity mode is discussed using cascade atomic configuration. We study the tunneling or traversal time of the ultracold atoms via a bimodal high-$Q$ cavity. It is found that the phase time, which may be considered as a measure for the time required to traverse the cavity, exhibits superclassical and subclassical behaviors. Further, the dark states and interference effects in cascade atomic configuration may influence the passage time of the atom through the cavity.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.84.032107

Related papers

Coherent control of tunneling and traversal of ultracold atoms through vacuum-induced potentials

Fazal Badshah, Muhammad Irfan, Sajid Qamar +1 more

We study the tunneling and traversal of ultracold $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type three-level atoms through vacuum-induced potentials in a high-$Q$ mazer cavity. In particular, we discuss the effects of driving-induced atomic coherence on the passage of ultracold atoms through a high-$Q$ mazer cavity. We consider phase time to study quantum tunneling which exhibits interesting features due to atomic coherence. For example, negative phase time appears for transmission of the atoms in both excited and ground states due to the presence of atomic coherence. Further, for certain values of the driving field, it is found that the phase tunneling time shows an alternate subclassical and superclassical traversal behavior with the increase in atomic momentum.

Physical Review A•Oct 14, 2013•12 citations

Tunneling and traversal of ultracold atoms through vacuum-induced potentials

R. Arun, G. S. Agarwal

We examine the passage of ultracold two-level atoms through the potential produced by the vacuum of the cavity field. We find that the phase time may be considered as the appropriate measure of the time required for the atom to traverse the cavity. The phase tunneling time for ultracold atoms exhibits both super- and sub-classical time and we show how this behavior may be understood in terms of the momentum dependence of the phase of transmission amplitude. The passage of the atom through the cavity is unique, as it involves a coherent addition of the transition amplitudes corresponding to both barrier and well.

arXiv:quant-ph/0103015•Physical Review A•Nov 16, 2001•27 citations

Effects of detuning on tunneling and traversal of ultracold atoms through vacuum-induced potentials

Fazal Badshah, Muhammad Irfan, Sajid Qamar +1 more

In this paper, we study the tunneling and traversal of ultracold two-level atoms through the potential induced by the vacuum cavity mode. In particular, we discuss the effects of off-resonant interaction between the cavity mode and atomic transition on tunneling time of the ultracold atoms through a high-$Q$ mazer cavity. The phase time which may be considered as an appropriate measure of the time required for the atom to cross the cavity, exhibits some interesting features in the presence of off-resonant interaction. For example, switching between the sub and superclassical behaviors in phase time occurs for proper choice of detuning. Similarly, negative phase time appears for the transmission of atoms in both excited and ground states in the presence of off-resonant interaction.

Physical Review A•Jan 31, 2013•10 citations

Manipulating the tunneling of ultracold atoms through a mazer cavity via vacuum-multiparticle interactions

Fazal Badshah, Abdul Basit, Hamad Ali +1 more

Abstract We study the tunneling and traversal time of ultracold two-level atoms through a high quality microwave cavity containing N − 1 ground state atoms. The phase time of tunneling may be considered as a measure of the time required to traverse the cavity which exhibits both super and subclassical traversal behaviors. Here we examine that superclassical phase time behavior suppresses with the increase in the number of motionless ground state atoms inside the cavity. It happens due to the multipartite influence in the interaction that traps the incident atom into its upper state such that it does not observe any induced potential. Accordingly, for larger atomic samples, the incident atoms in the initial excited states get perfect transmission and tunnel through the cavity nearly with the same speed as they would have moved through a free space. This is true for any width of potential and the particle’s speed provided that the center-of-mass energy of the incident particle lies in the classically forbidden range.

Laser Physics Letters•Jan 6, 2017•12 citations

Injected coherence and phase control in the tunneling of ultra slow three-level atoms

Fazal Badshah, Yuan Zhou, Zeyun Shi +5 more

Our research aims to investigate the impact of injecting atomic coherence on the phase tunneling time of ultra slow cascade three-level atoms traversing through high-quality cavities. Prior to interacting with the cavity in the Fock state, the atoms are initially prepared in a superposition of the two upper levels. Our study has demonstrated that the coherence of the injected atoms can be tuned to control the phase time. Specifically, we have observed that the injected coherence can regulate the peak values and sub-superclassical nature of the traversal time. Moreover, we have investigated how the number of superclassical peaks and resonances in the tunneling time curve can be influenced by the cavity length and de Broglie waves of the atom. Additionally, we have discovered that the phase time behavior is not only affected by the center-of-mass (CM) motion but also by the atom–field detuning and the final internal state of the transmitted atoms. These findings have potential implications for developing and controlling ultracold atom-based technologies, such as quantum sensors, quantum information processing, and quantum simulation.

Ain Shams Engineering Journal•Jun 10, 2023•7 citations

Tunneling time of the ultracold atoms: effects of the injected atomic coherence and field statistics

Fazal Badshah, Abdul Basit, Hamad Ali +2 more

Abstract We inspect the tunneling characteristics of ultraslow atoms through the coherent field of a high quality cavity. The potential offered by the cavity is due to multiple barriers and well constituents that dictate propagation of the atoms through the cavity. We examine tunneling time of the traversal corresponding to the maximal constructive/destructive interference by tuning parameters of the injected coherence. It is found that the sub- superclassical character of the tunneling time can be efficiently controlled through the phase of the injected atomic coherence. Further, mazer action (i.e. the scattering like aspect of the interaction) may be obtained for somewhat faster atoms by employing an intense cavity field. For one of the dressed state ( Φ b = b , 0 ), our system offers a free transmission as the incident atoms examine zero potential.

Physica Scripta•Apr 20, 2020•1 citation
The passage of ultracold three-level atoms through the potential induced by the vacuum cavity mode is discussed using cascade atomic configuration. We study the tunneling or traversal time of the ultracold atoms via a bimodal high-QQQ cavity. It is found that the phase time, which may be considered as a measure for the time required to traverse the cavity, exhibits superclassical and subclassical behaviors. Further, the dark states and interference effects in cascade atomic configuration may influence the passage time of the atom through the cavity.
We study the tunneling and traversal of ultracold $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type three-level atoms through vacuum-induced potentials in a high-QQQ mazer cavity. In particular, we discuss the effects of driving-induced atomic coherence on the passage of ultracold atoms through a high-QQQ mazer cavity. We consider phase time to study quantum tunneling which exhibits interesting features due to atomic coherence. For example, negative phase time appears for transmission of the atoms in both excited and ground states due to the presence of atomic coherence. Further, for certain values of the driving field, it is found that the phase tunneling time shows an alternate subclassical and superclassical traversal behavior with the increase in atomic momentum.
We examine the passage of ultracold two-level atoms through the potential produced by the vacuum of the cavity field. We find that the phase time may be considered as the appropriate measure of the time required for the atom to traverse the cavity. The phase tunneling time for ultracold atoms exhibits both super- and sub-classical time and we show how this behavior may be understood in terms of the momentum dependence of the phase of transmission amplitude. The passage of the atom through the cavity is unique, as it involves a coherent addition of the transition amplitudes corresponding to both barrier and well.
In this paper, we study the tunneling and traversal of ultracold two-level atoms through the potential induced by the vacuum cavity mode. In particular, we discuss the effects of off-resonant interaction between the cavity mode and atomic transition on tunneling time of the ultracold atoms through a high-QQQ mazer cavity. The phase time which may be considered as an appropriate measure of the time required for the atom to cross the cavity, exhibits some interesting features in the presence of off-resonant interaction. For example, switching between the sub and superclassical behaviors in phase time occurs for proper choice of detuning. Similarly, negative phase time appears for the transmission of atoms in both excited and ground states in the presence of off-resonant interaction.
Abstract We study the tunneling and traversal time of ultracold two-level atoms through a high quality microwave cavity containing N − 1 ground state atoms. The phase time of tunneling may be considered as a measure of the time required to traverse the cavity which exhibits both super and subclassical traversal behaviors. Here we examine that superclassical phase time behavior suppresses with the increase in the number of motionless ground state atoms inside the cavity. It happens due to the multipartite influence in the interaction that traps the incident atom into its upper state such that it does not observe any induced potential. Accordingly, for larger atomic samples, the incident atoms in the initial excited states get perfect transmission and tunnel through the cavity nearly with the same speed as they would have moved through a free space. This is true for any width of potential and the particle’s speed provided that the center-of-mass energy of the incident particle lies in the classically forbidden range.
Our research aims to investigate the impact of injecting atomic coherence on the phase tunneling time of ultra slow cascade three-level atoms traversing through high-quality cavities. Prior to interacting with the cavity in the Fock state, the atoms are initially prepared in a superposition of the two upper levels. Our study has demonstrated that the coherence of the injected atoms can be tuned to control the phase time. Specifically, we have observed that the injected coherence can regulate the peak values and sub-superclassical nature of the traversal time. Moreover, we have investigated how the number of superclassical peaks and resonances in the tunneling time curve can be influenced by the cavity length and de Broglie waves of the atom. Additionally, we have discovered that the phase time behavior is not only affected by the center-of-mass (CM) motion but also by the atom–field detuning and the final internal state of the transmitted atoms. These findings have potential implications for developing and controlling ultracold atom-based technologies, such as quantum sensors, quantum information processing, and quantum simulation.
Abstract We inspect the tunneling characteristics of ultraslow atoms through the coherent field of a high quality cavity. The potential offered by the cavity is due to multiple barriers and well constituents that dictate propagation of the atoms through the cavity. We examine tunneling time of the traversal corresponding to the maximal constructive/destructive interference by tuning parameters of the injected coherence. It is found that the sub- superclassical character of the tunneling time can be efficiently controlled through the phase of the injected atomic coherence. Further, mazer action (i.e. the scattering like aspect of the interaction) may be obtained for somewhat faster atoms by employing an intense cavity field. For one of the dressed state ( Φ b = b , 0 ), our system offers a free transmission as the incident atoms examine zero potential.