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انجمن اپتیک و فوتونیک ایران

Investigation of optical bistability in anisotropic left-handed photonic crystals

Elham Alipour, P. Tajalli, H. Tajalli

Published Feb 15, 2014• 0 citations
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Abstract

In this paper optical bistability in one-dimensional photonic crystals containing anisotropic dielectric materials and anisotropic metamaterials with a nonlinear defect layer has been studied. By using transfer matrix method, the impact of the effective factors on the optical bistability threshold has investigated and then distribution of the electric filed within this kind of structures has been shown

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arXiv:1309.0538•Physical Review A•Nov 26, 2013•16 citations
In this paper optical bistability in one-dimensional photonic crystals containing anisotropic dielectric materials and anisotropic metamaterials with a nonlinear defect layer has been studied. By using transfer matrix method, the impact of the effective factors on the optical bistability threshold has investigated and then distribution of the electric filed within this kind of structures has been shown
We study the optical bistable properties in one-dimensional photonic crystal with symmetric structure (AB)N(D)M(BA)N, where A is high refractive index medium, B is low refractive index medium, D is defect layer, N is the number of layer periods at the left and right of the defect layer. M determines the thickness of the defect layer with Kerr medium. First, we analyze mechanisms producing bistability by the structure consisted of a nonlinear layer sandwiched between Bragg reflectors. Then by using the transfer matrix method, we calculate numerically the threshold value of the bistability switching in one-dimensional photonic crystals with structure (AB)N(D)M(BA)N. The investigations show that the number of layer periods (N) and the thickness of the defect layer (M) influence the threshold value of the bistability switching. We confirm the parameter of the bistability switching to produce the lower threshold value.
In this paper, a one-dimensional photonic crystal composed of two defect layers with optical gain is considered. We place a nonlinear layer between two defect layers. Using the modified transfer matrix method, the effect of increasing the optical gain on the bistablity threshold is studied in both normal and oblique incidences. Our calculations show that the threshold of bistability decreases with increasing the optical gain. However, increasing the optical gain above a particular value leads to the enhancement of bistability threshold.
The transmittance of defect mode in one dimension photonic crystals with nonlinear absorptional dielectric materials was deduced by the transfer matrix theory.The intensity enhancement factor of localized light in defect layer had also been obtained,which increases exponentially with the number of layers in a photonic crystal.The numerical calculation shows that a photonic crystal with saturable absorption dielectric materials in the defect layer has the property of bistablility.The threshold of input intensity to bring about bistablility is decided by parameters of refractivity?saturation intensity of defect layer and decreases exponentially with the number of layers in a photonic crystal.
The optical transfer matrix theory is used to research the transmission characteristics of an one-dimensional photonic crystal.If the defect layer is nonlinear medium which is saturatedly absorbed,the optical bistable properties are studied based on the sensitivity change of incident light transmittivity of nonlinear medium.And the analytical formula related to the input-output of the light intensity is deduced.When the saturated absorption is above a certain value,the optical bistablity will appear in the system.Finally the change law of the incident light threshold value of the optical bistablity is studied.
The transfer matrix, which represents the dispersive medium's layer, can be rigorously obtained by using Lorentz model and considering boundary conditions. The detailed investigation on polaritons in a symmetric photonic crystal with absorptive type of dispersive medium's layer is presented by adjusting parameters of the dispersive medium's layer. It's found that the absorptive type of dispersive cavity and reinforced dispersive cavity may demonstrate similar properties in normal modes coupling, the homogeneous broadening effect, and the detuning effect. But there exists evident differences in transmitted intensity and frequency shift. Finally, the optical bistability in one-dimensional symmetric photonic crystal both with absorptive type of dispersive medium's layer and with Kerr nonlinear layer is also investigated. It's found that optical bistability threshold of the photonic crystal with dispersive medium layer is a little lower than that of structure without dispersive medium laver.
We investigate optical bistability in a multilayer one-dimensional photonic crystal where the central layer is doped with $\ensuremath{\Lambda}$-type three-level atoms. We take into account the influence of spontaneously generated coherence when the lower atomic levels are sufficiently close to each other, in which case Kerr-type nonlinear response of the atoms is enhanced. We calculate the propagation of a probe beam in the defect mode window using the numerical nonlinear transfer matrix method. We find that Rabi frequency of a control field acting on the defect layer and the detuning of the probe field from the atomic resonance can be used to control the size and contrast of the hysteresis loop and the threshold of the optical bistability. In particular we find that at the optimal spontaneously generated coherence, a three orders of magnitude lower threshold can be achieved relative to the case without the coherence.