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انجمن اپتیک و فوتونیک ایران

Investigation of gain effect on the bistability threshold in one-dimensional photonic crystals containing nonlinear media

Abbas ۀhasempourArdakani, Tahereh Kalantari, Hamid Nadgaran

Published Feb 15, 2014• 0 citations
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Abstract

In this paper, a one-dimensional photonic crystal composed of two defect layers with optical gain is considered. We place a nonlinear layer between two defect layers. Using the modified transfer matrix method, the effect of increasing the optical gain on the bistablity threshold is studied in both normal and oblique incidences. Our calculations show that the threshold of bistability decreases with increasing the optical gain. However, increasing the optical gain above a particular value leads to the enhancement of bistability threshold.

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In this paper, a one-dimensional photonic crystal composed of two defect layers with optical gain is considered. We place a nonlinear layer between two defect layers. Using the modified transfer matrix method, the effect of increasing the optical gain on the bistablity threshold is studied in both normal and oblique incidences. Our calculations show that the threshold of bistability decreases with increasing the optical gain. However, increasing the optical gain above a particular value leads to the enhancement of bistability threshold.
We study the optical bistable properties in one-dimensional photonic crystal with symmetric structure (AB)N(D)M(BA)N, where A is high refractive index medium, B is low refractive index medium, D is defect layer, N is the number of layer periods at the left and right of the defect layer. M determines the thickness of the defect layer with Kerr medium. First, we analyze mechanisms producing bistability by the structure consisted of a nonlinear layer sandwiched between Bragg reflectors. Then by using the transfer matrix method, we calculate numerically the threshold value of the bistability switching in one-dimensional photonic crystals with structure (AB)N(D)M(BA)N. The investigations show that the number of layer periods (N) and the thickness of the defect layer (M) influence the threshold value of the bistability switching. We confirm the parameter of the bistability switching to produce the lower threshold value.
The transmittance of defect mode in one dimension photonic crystals with nonlinear absorptional dielectric materials was deduced by the transfer matrix theory.The intensity enhancement factor of localized light in defect layer had also been obtained,which increases exponentially with the number of layers in a photonic crystal.The numerical calculation shows that a photonic crystal with saturable absorption dielectric materials in the defect layer has the property of bistablility.The threshold of input intensity to bring about bistablility is decided by parameters of refractivity?saturation intensity of defect layer and decreases exponentially with the number of layers in a photonic crystal.
It is found that there exists a hysteretic response between the incident intensity and the lateral shift for a one-dimensional photonic crystal containing a nonlinear defect. The lateral shift can be greatly enhanced when the incident intensity decreases from a value higher than the switch-up threshold of optical bistability and reaches the maximum at the switch-down threshold. It is also found that the hysteresis is strongly dependent on the nonlinear defect, the incident angle, and the incident frequency. The validity of the theoretical analysis is demonstrated by numerical simulations for a Gaussian beam.
The optical transfer matrix theory is used to research the transmission characteristics of an one-dimensional photonic crystal.If the defect layer is nonlinear medium which is saturatedly absorbed,the optical bistable properties are studied based on the sensitivity change of incident light transmittivity of nonlinear medium.And the analytical formula related to the input-output of the light intensity is deduced.When the saturated absorption is above a certain value,the optical bistablity will appear in the system.Finally the change law of the incident light threshold value of the optical bistablity is studied.
It is studied the defect mode and bistability properties of a nonlinear medium sandwiched between Bragg reflectors composed of one-dimensional photonic crystal by numerical calculation and theoretical analysis.The influence of defect layer thickness and quasi-periodic Bragg reflectors on defect mode and bistability is discussed.It is revealed that the defect mode shift to lower frequency when the increasing thickness of defect layer or refractive index of Bragg reflectors.Hence microcavity resonant mode is superposition with incident wave mode at lower incident intensity,and produce the bistability with lower threshold.The numerical calculation results accord with theoretical analysis.It is significant for design of photonic crystal microcavity.