Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Code and data for "Photon condensation from thermal sources and the limits of heat engines"

P. R. Eastham, Luísa Toledo Tude, Emily Haughton

Published Nov 17, 2025• 1 citation
Publisher

Abstract

Code and data for the submitted paper "Photon condensation from thermal sources and the limits of heat engines". The file 'expabsdata.dat' is experimental data from Schmitt, J., Weitz, M., & Klaers, J. (2024). Absorption and Emission Spectral Data of Room-temperature Rhodamine 6G Dye Solution and some typical Dye Microcavity parameters [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10852936. The supplied code can be used to be plot this in comparison to the theoretical spectrum.

DOI
10.5281/zenodo.17632448

Related papers

Data set to accompany R. C. Schofield et al., "Efficient excitation of dye molecules for single photon generation", J. Phys. Commun. 2, 115027 (2018)

Ross C. Schofield, Kyle D. Major, Samuele Grandi +3 more

Data set to accompany R. C. Schofield et al., "Efficient excitation of dye molecules for single photon generation", J. Phys. Commun. 2, 115027 (2018), https://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2399-6528/aaf09a. The data from all plots is included, and a Mathematica notebook is included to extract all of the data for processing.

•Nov 27, 2018•0 citations

Notebooks for "Deterministic feedforward-based generation of large optical coherent-state superposition"

Michele Notarnicola, Marcin Jarzyna, Radim Filip

Files to generate plots in the manuscript "Deterministic feedforward-based generation of large optical coherent-state superposition", published at Phys. Rev. Research 8, 043068 (2026). Manuscript openly available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23592254.

•Mar 24, 2026•0 citations

Photon condensation from thermal sources and the limits of heat engines

Luísa Toledo Tude, Emily Haughton, Paul R. Eastham

The trapping and cooling of photon gases in microcavities has been used to create Bose-Einstein condensates. We investigate the conditions required for condensation in dye-filled microcavities, with photon populations created either by driving a transition of the dye, or by coupling the cavity modes to a thermal photon reservoir such as sunlight. We find that the threshold pump temperature, above which condensation appears, is determined by the second law of thermodynamics. The minimum achievable threshold is that of a reversible three-level heat engine, which we show arises in the dye-pumped case, and for pumping of the modes of a two-level cavity. For a many-level cavity condensation occurs at a similar but higher temperature. Our results show that photon condensates can be produced by pumping with incoherent thermal sources, opening possibilities for coherent light generation, energy harvesting, and experimental studies of quantum heat engines.

arXiv:2507.19128•Physical Review A•Dec 10, 2025•0 citations

Bose-Einstein condensation in exotic lattice geometries: Code and Data

Dutkiewicz, Kamil, Płodzień, Marcin, Abel Rojo-Francàs +3 more

Code and data used in "Bose-Einstein condensation in exotic lattice geometries" - https://doi.org/10.1103/dp1h-rfkg

•Dec 5, 2025•0 citations

Simulation data for "Open-system dynamics in local Lindbladians with chaotic spectra"

Sanket Chirame, F. J. Burnell

Title: Simulation data for "Open-system dynamics in local Lindbladians with chaotic spectra"Authors: Sanket Chirame and Fiona J. BurnellCorresponding author: Sanket Chirame --> Email: chira012@umn.eduArxiv id: https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.15193 Journal: https://doi.org/10.1103/dxq3-cbb2 This repository contains simulation code and data sets presented in the manuscript titled "Open system dynamics in local Lindbladians with chaotic spectra". We analyze the eigenvalue spectrum of generic Lindbladians obtained using exact diagonalization. We investigate the implications of generic spectra on the dynamics of spatially local Lindbladians. The repository contains the MATLAB functions and scripts used to generate and analyze the datasets. The plotting scripts and the figures presented in the paper are also included. The datasets are in ".mat" format and require MATLAB software to access them.

•Jun 1, 2026•0 citations

General theory of Bose-Einstein condensation applied to an ideal quantum gas of photons in an optical microcavity

Eberhard E. Müller

This paper provides, first, a succinct theoretical derivation of Bose-Einstein condensation in a grand-canonical ideal photon gas elaborating on previous results [M\"uller, Ann. Phys. 184, 219 (1988); Physica A (Amsterdam, Neth.) 139, 165 (1986)] additionally including new results on the condensate function and, second, applies this framework to consistently explain experimental findings on Bose-Einstein condensation of photons in an optical microcavity [Klaers, Schmitt, Vewinger, and Weitz, Nature 468, 545 (2010)]. A grand-canonical photon gas is realized by a steady state of a photon flux deviating from a canonical thermodynamic Planck equilibrium. The theoretical approach presented here invites to significantly widen the experimental framework for Bose-Einstein condensation of photons including three-dimensional photon resonators and thermalization mechanisms different from a dye medium in the cavity.

arXiv:1801.05220•Physical Review A•Nov 18, 2019•2 citations
Code and data for the submitted paper "Photon condensation from thermal sources and the limits of heat engines". The file 'expabsdata.dat' is experimental data from Schmitt, J., Weitz, M., & Klaers, J. (2024). Absorption and Emission Spectral Data of Room-temperature Rhodamine 6G Dye Solution and some typical Dye Microcavity parameters [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10852936. The supplied code can be used to be plot this in comparison to the theoretical spectrum.
The trapping and cooling of photon gases in microcavities has been used to create Bose-Einstein condensates. We investigate the conditions required for condensation in dye-filled microcavities, with photon populations created either by driving a transition of the dye, or by coupling the cavity modes to a thermal photon reservoir such as sunlight. We find that the threshold pump temperature, above which condensation appears, is determined by the second law of thermodynamics. The minimum achievable threshold is that of a reversible three-level heat engine, which we show arises in the dye-pumped case, and for pumping of the modes of a two-level cavity. For a many-level cavity condensation occurs at a similar but higher temperature. Our results show that photon condensates can be produced by pumping with incoherent thermal sources, opening possibilities for coherent light generation, energy harvesting, and experimental studies of quantum heat engines.
Title: Simulation data for "Open-system dynamics in local Lindbladians with chaotic spectra"Authors: Sanket Chirame and Fiona J. BurnellCorresponding author: Sanket Chirame --> Email: chira012@umn.eduArxiv id: https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.15193 Journal: https://doi.org/10.1103/dxq3-cbb2 This repository contains simulation code and data sets presented in the manuscript titled "Open system dynamics in local Lindbladians with chaotic spectra". We analyze the eigenvalue spectrum of generic Lindbladians obtained using exact diagonalization. We investigate the implications of generic spectra on the dynamics of spatially local Lindbladians. The repository contains the MATLAB functions and scripts used to generate and analyze the datasets. The plotting scripts and the figures presented in the paper are also included. The datasets are in ".mat" format and require MATLAB software to access them.
This paper provides, first, a succinct theoretical derivation of Bose-Einstein condensation in a grand-canonical ideal photon gas elaborating on previous results [M\"uller, Ann. Phys. 184, 219 (1988); Physica A (Amsterdam, Neth.) 139, 165 (1986)] additionally including new results on the condensate function and, second, applies this framework to consistently explain experimental findings on Bose-Einstein condensation of photons in an optical microcavity [Klaers, Schmitt, Vewinger, and Weitz, Nature 468, 545 (2010)]. A grand-canonical photon gas is realized by a steady state of a photon flux deviating from a canonical thermodynamic Planck equilibrium. The theoretical approach presented here invites to significantly widen the experimental framework for Bose-Einstein condensation of photons including three-dimensional photon resonators and thermalization mechanisms different from a dye medium in the cavity.