Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

Optics Letters

All-optical modulation by continuous wave light using two-color excited-state absorption at visible wavelengths

Jinhyeok Hong, Heongkyu Ju

Published Nov 27, 2023• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We demonstrated all-optical modulation with a nonlinear medium, i.e., indigo carmine, an aromatic conjugated structure with delocalized π-electrons, using non-high power continuous wave light for pump and probe of different visible wavelengths. Pump-induced probe transmission increase occurred through absorption saturation of probe light by pump-induced linear and nonlinear absorption including two-color excited-state absorption (ESA). The two-color ESA occurred only when both pump light and probe light co-propagated through a medium, leading to nearly pump power-independent increase in probe transmission for appropriately chosen wavelengths of pump and probe light, given the optical transition structure of electronic energy levels in the medium.

DOI
10.1364/ol.504161

Related papers

Nonlinear optics near the band edge in multiple-quantum-well structures

J.P. Heritage, A. Von Lehmen, Jane E. Zucker +1 more

We have investigated the optical properties of GaAs quantum wells in the spectral region below the band edge using a two-wavelength picosecond optical pulse technique. Optical pumping in the transparent region produces modulation of the excitonic absorption which is probed with an optical pulse tuned to the excitonic absorption. We identify two distinct physical mechanisms that lead to the absorption modulation. First, a real population of carriers is produced by phonon-assisted absorption. These carriers bleach the excitonic transition by the action of the exclusion principle. The second mechanism involves virtual populations induced by the off-resonant optical excitation.

Annual Meeting Optical Society of America•Jan 1, 1987•0 citations

Excited-state absorption and pump propagation effects on optical phase conjugation in a saturable absorber

Shigeki Miyanaga, Hiroaki Ohtateme, Katsunori Kawano +1 more

Phase conjugation by degenerate four-wave mixing in a saturable absorbing medium with a relatively long-lived excited state is analyzed; the analytical results are compared with experimental results. We propose a four-level model and take into account the effects of both excited-state absorption and pump propagation to explain the experimental results, which could not be explained by the models proposed previously. The numerical result predicts that the value of the phase-conjugate reflectivity as a function of the pump intensity is maximum at a certain absorbance (as absorbance increases) that is dependent on the cross section of the excited-state absorption. The present analysis explains most observations in the experiment, which was performed with a saturable-dye-doped polymer film as the saturable absorbing medium.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Jun 1, 1993•22 citations

Pump-probe studies of absorption saturation and optical gain in Ce:LiCaAlF6 ultraviolet active medium

A I Galiev, Vadim Vladimirovich Semashko, O R Akhtyamov +4 more

Aim of this work was to investigate nonlinear absorption of pump radiation in UV spectral range of Ce 3+ :LiCaAlF 6 crystalline active medium. We were able to evaluate excited state absorption cross-section at pump wavelength (266 nm) and recombination probabilities by means of computer simulation.

Journal of Physics Conference Series•Dec 19, 2013•3 citations

Optical switching and high-resolution image transfer in a saturable dye spatial light modulator

Michael J. Damzen, K. J. Baldwin, P. J. Soan

We experimentally demonstrate and theoretically analyze practical aspects of using a laser-pumped dye medium as an ultrafast (~10–ps) optically addressed spatial light modulator for application with high-power radiation. Optical modulation of the absorption of a high-power pump beam is produced by a relatively weak (control) beam that is experiencing stimulated emission. The intensity of the control beam required for strong switching of the pump-beam transmission is determined by the gain that is due to stimulated emission at the control-beam frequency. A practical limitation on the gain that is due to excited-state absorption of the pump frequency is described. We demonstrate the application of the dye medium spatial light modulator for high-resolution image transfer and determine the resolution limit of the transfer process. Experimental demonstration is made of optical image processing (edge enhancement). The control beam can also be generated by self-lasing in feedback geometries, and pump transmission can be controlled by the strength of the feedback.

Journal of the Optical Society of America B•Feb 1, 1994•4 citations

Suppression of excited state absorption (ESA) in lasing materials and non-linear optical pulse propagation dynamics in the media subject to ESA

Roman L. Kolesov, Elena Kuznetsova, Olga A. Kocharovskaya

A method of suppression of excited state absorption (ESA) by means of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) is proposed. Optical pulse propagation in the medium subject to ESA is considered and relaxation soliton-type solutions are found.

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics•Jan 1, 2005•0 citations

Dynamics of all-optical switching in C60 and its application to optical logic gates

C.P. Singh, Sukhdev Roy

The dynamics of all-optical switching in C60 has been theoretically analyzed based on the principle of nonlinear intensity-induced excited-state absorption to achieve high contrast and fast switching. The transmission of a cw probe laser beam at 885 nm corresponding to the peak absorption of the S1 state through C60 in toluene is switched by a pulsed pump laser beam at 532 nm that excites molecules from the ground state. Switching characteristics are shown to be sensitive to the variation of pump pulse width, peak pumping intensity, thickness of the medium, intersystem crossing time between the S1 and T1 states and the absorption cross section of the S1 state at a probe wavelength, and their effect are analyzed in detail. It is shown that the transmission of the probe beam can be completely switched off (100% modulation) by the pump beam at a pump intensity of 100 MW/cm2 and a pulse width 1.5 ns, with switch on and off times of 2.5 and 7.5 ns, respectively. The results are used to design all-optical NOT and the universal NOR and NAND logic gates with multiple pump laser pulses, which are the basic building blocks of computing circuits.

Optical Engineering•Feb 1, 2004•26 citations
We demonstrated all-optical modulation with a nonlinear medium, i.e., indigo carmine, an aromatic conjugated structure with delocalized π-electrons, using non-high power continuous wave light for pump and probe of different visible wavelengths. Pump-induced probe transmission increase occurred through absorption saturation of probe light by pump-induced linear and nonlinear absorption including two-color excited-state absorption (ESA). The two-color ESA occurred only when both pump light and probe light co-propagated through a medium, leading to nearly pump power-independent increase in probe transmission for appropriately chosen wavelengths of pump and probe light, given the optical transition structure of electronic energy levels in the medium.
We have investigated the optical properties of GaAs quantum wells in the spectral region below the band edge using a two-wavelength picosecond optical pulse technique. Optical pumping in the transparent region produces modulation of the excitonic absorption which is probed with an optical pulse tuned to the excitonic absorption. We identify two distinct physical mechanisms that lead to the absorption modulation. First, a real population of carriers is produced by phonon-assisted absorption. These carriers bleach the excitonic transition by the action of the exclusion principle. The second mechanism involves virtual populations induced by the off-resonant optical excitation.
Phase conjugation by degenerate four-wave mixing in a saturable absorbing medium with a relatively long-lived excited state is analyzed; the analytical results are compared with experimental results. We propose a four-level model and take into account the effects of both excited-state absorption and pump propagation to explain the experimental results, which could not be explained by the models proposed previously. The numerical result predicts that the value of the phase-conjugate reflectivity as a function of the pump intensity is maximum at a certain absorbance (as absorbance increases) that is dependent on the cross section of the excited-state absorption. The present analysis explains most observations in the experiment, which was performed with a saturable-dye-doped polymer film as the saturable absorbing medium.
We experimentally demonstrate and theoretically analyze practical aspects of using a laser-pumped dye medium as an ultrafast (~10–ps) optically addressed spatial light modulator for application with high-power radiation. Optical modulation of the absorption of a high-power pump beam is produced by a relatively weak (control) beam that is experiencing stimulated emission. The intensity of the control beam required for strong switching of the pump-beam transmission is determined by the gain that is due to stimulated emission at the control-beam frequency. A practical limitation on the gain that is due to excited-state absorption of the pump frequency is described. We demonstrate the application of the dye medium spatial light modulator for high-resolution image transfer and determine the resolution limit of the transfer process. Experimental demonstration is made of optical image processing (edge enhancement). The control beam can also be generated by self-lasing in feedback geometries, and pump transmission can be controlled by the strength of the feedback.
The dynamics of all-optical switching in C60 has been theoretically analyzed based on the principle of nonlinear intensity-induced excited-state absorption to achieve high contrast and fast switching. The transmission of a cw probe laser beam at 885 nm corresponding to the peak absorption of the S1 state through C60 in toluene is switched by a pulsed pump laser beam at 532 nm that excites molecules from the ground state. Switching characteristics are shown to be sensitive to the variation of pump pulse width, peak pumping intensity, thickness of the medium, intersystem crossing time between the S1 and T1 states and the absorption cross section of the S1 state at a probe wavelength, and their effect are analyzed in detail. It is shown that the transmission of the probe beam can be completely switched off (100% modulation) by the pump beam at a pump intensity of 100 MW/cm2 and a pulse width 1.5 ns, with switch on and off times of 2.5 and 7.5 ns, respectively. The results are used to design all-optical NOT and the universal NOR and NAND logic gates with multiple pump laser pulses, which are the basic building blocks of computing circuits.