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CRC Press eBooks

Multiple-Valued Sequential Circuits in Quantum Computing

Hafiz Md. Hasan Babu

Published Aug 29, 2023• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The theory of multi-valued quantum mechanics is one of the most prominent scientific theories of the twentieth century. In addition, to give answers to some outstanding questions, it has had an impact on many modern technologies by expressing a new line of scientific thinking. Multi-Valued quantum computing is the use of the collective features of multi-valued quantum states, such as superposition and entanglement, to carry out computations. In essence, a Multi-Valued Quantum D flip flop is a two-state timed flip flop. The qubit inputs of a quantum D-type flip flop are operated with a delay in a single clock cycle. The ternary quantum D flip flop is one of the most crucial circuits when compared to other timed type flip flips. There are two types of memory elements, depending on the triggering that is used to operate it. A latch is one of them, and a flip-flop is the other.

DOI
10.1201/9781003381921-1

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CRC Press eBooks•Aug 29, 2023•0 citations
The theory of multi-valued quantum mechanics is one of the most prominent scientific theories of the twentieth century. In addition, to give answers to some outstanding questions, it has had an impact on many modern technologies by expressing a new line of scientific thinking. Multi-Valued quantum computing is the use of the collective features of multi-valued quantum states, such as superposition and entanglement, to carry out computations. In essence, a Multi-Valued Quantum D flip flop is a two-state timed flip flop. The qubit inputs of a quantum D-type flip flop are operated with a delay in a single clock cycle. The ternary quantum D flip flop is one of the most crucial circuits when compared to other timed type flip flips. There are two types of memory elements, depending on the triggering that is used to operate it. A latch is one of them, and a flip-flop is the other.
Multi-Valued Quantum-DNA D flip-flop verifies that the two inputs of the Multi-Valued Quantum-DNA SR flip flop are never the same. Multi-Valued Quantum-DNA SR flip-flop needs two-qubit input and one shared input which is also a qubit. In Multi-Valued DNA computing molecular sequence needs to go through many processes during the operation. Multi-Valued Quantum Circuit produces more heat and the Multi-Valued DNA circuit needs to process the input. Multi-Valued Quantum-DNA SR flip-flop is working using two principles: the Multi-Valued Quantum computing principle and the Multi-Valued DNA computing principle. In flip-flop designs, the Multi-Valued Quantum JK flip-flop will be the most extensively utilized flip-flop. Multi-Valued Quantum-DNA Ripple Counter produces much heat to produce the molecule's superposition state and also produces some garbage value. As the name implies, the multi-valued quantum-DNA sequential circuits contain flip-flops which are all in sync with each other i.e. their clock qubit inputs are connected together and are triggered by the same external clock signal.
Some people believe that molecular computers would solve problems that would cause existing machines to struggle because of biology's massive parallelism. Multi-Valued DNA SR flip-flop takes two molecular sequence inputs S and R. In Multi-Valued DNA-Quantum SR flip-flop, the output of one operation is used by the other operation. Multi-Valued DNA-Quantum SR flip-flop needs two-molecular sequence input and one shared input which is also a molecular sequence. Then finally two Multi-Valued Quantum AND operations will parallelly be performed and it is the last operation of Multi-Valued DNA computing according to the Multi-Valued DNA-Quantum SR flip-flop circuit block diagram. Multi-Valued DNA-Quantum T-flip-flop removes the problem of Multi-Valued DNA-Quantum SR flip-flop. Sequential circuits in multi-valued DNA-quantum computing are a new thing in the modern world. This chapter presents the detailed working principle and circuit architecture of all sequential circuits in multi-valued DNA-quantum computing with example.
Quantum computing is a new and challenging field in research and arithmetic circuits in multi-valued quantum computing are a recent attraction for all. It is a speedy technology in modern science. Multiple-valued logic circuits are a type of circuit that offer several potential opportunities for the improvement of present VLSI circuit designs. Multiple-valued logic has a wide range of applications in addition to providing a better understanding of binary difficulties. They can be divided into two categories. To handle binary issues more quickly, the first group use a multiple-valued logic domain. The second group focuses on electrical circuits that use more than two discrete levels of signals, such as multiple-valued memory, arithmetic circuits, and Field Programmable Gate Arrays. In quantum multiple valued parallel adder, it is required to add two qutrits (the addend and the augend) which are only single-qutrit input. The procedures are the same, the only difference is the logical operation will be in the ternary system.
This book mainly focuses on the design methodologies of various quantum circuits, DNA circuits, DNA-quantum circuits, and quantum-DNA circuits. In this text, the author has compiled various design aspects of multiple-valued logic DNA-quantum and quantum-DNA sequential circuits, memory devices, programmable logic devices, and nanoprocessors. Multiple-Valued Computing in Quantum Molecular Biology: Sequential Circuits, Memory Devices, Programmable Logic Devices, and Nanoprocessors is Volume 2 of a two-volume set, and consists of four parts. This book presents various design aspects of multiple-valued logic DNA-quantum and quantum-DNA sequential circuits, memory devices, programmable logic devices, and nanoprocessors. Part I discusses multiple-valued quantum and DNA sequential circuits such as D flip-flop, SR latch, SR flip-flop, JK flip-flop, T flip-flop, shift register, ripple counter, and synchronous counter, which are described, respectively, with the applications and working procedures. After that, multiple-valued quantum-DNA and DNA-quantum sequential circuits such as D flip-flop, SR flip-flop, JK flip-flop, T flip-flop, shift register, ripple counter and synchronous counter circuits are explained with working procedures and architecture. Part II discusses the architecture and design procedure of memory devices such as random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), and cache memory, which are sequentially described in multiple-valued quantum, DNA, quantum-DNA, and DNA-quantum computing. In Part III, the author examines the architectures and working principles of programmable logic devices such as programmable logic array (PLA), programmable array logic (PAL), field programmable gate array (FPGA), and complex programmable logic device (CPLD) in multiple-valued quantum, DNA, quantum-DNA, and DNA-quantum computing. Multiple-valued quantum, DNA, quantum-DNA, and DNA-quantum nanoprocessors are designed with algorithms in Part IV. Furthermore, the basic components of ternary nanoprocessors such as T-RAM, ternary instruction register, ternary incrementor circuit, ternary decoder, ternary multiplexer, ternary accumulator in quantum, DNA, quantum-DNA, and DNA-quantum computing are also explained in detail. This book will be of great help to researchers and students in quantum computing, DNA computing, quantum-DNA computing, and DNA-quantum computing.
Multiple-valued reversible logic is an emerging area in reversible and quantum logic circuit synthesis. Multiple-valued reversible logic circuits can potentially reduce the width of the reversible or quantum circuit which is a limitation in current quantum technology. In this paper we propose a method to synthesize the multiple-valued reversible sequential circuits. Implementations for ternary D and T flip flops and edge triggered D flip flop are proposed. Synthesis of generalized fanout circuit and generalized r-valued T flip flop are also presented.
In multiple-valued DNA-Quantum computing FPGA design, DNA sequences will work as input for the programmable logic devices. Ternary D Flip-Flop is a sequential circuit that consists of four ternary NAND operations and one NOT operation. In multiple-valued DNA-Quantum computing CPLD design, DNA sequences will work as input for the programmable logic devices. DNA part consists of DNA operation of the logic function, Flip-flop and 3 and operation of the multiplexer. The D Flip-Flop is a sequential circuit that consists of four Quantum NAND operations and one DNA NOT operation. Quantum part consists of Quantum operation of Multiplexer OR operations. Multi-Valued DNA to Quantum CPLD functional block is designed by connecting DNA circuit and Quantum circuit. Ternary CPLD functional block is designed by connecting Flip-Flops, logic function and Multiplexers. This chapter presents four PLDs in details. The PLA, PAL, FPGA, CPLD are explained with their working principles and circuit architectures.