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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim (CLEO-PR)

Cold Atomic Demonstration of Datta-Das Transistor

Chetan Sriram Madasu, Mehedi Hasan, Ketan D. Rathod, Chang Chi Kwong, David Wilkowski

Published Jan 1, 2022• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate an atomtronic analog of the Datta-Das transistor using ultracold atoms, where a sensitive control of the spin rotation in the gate region is achieved using three gaussian beams.
DOI
10.1364/cleopr.2022.ctup7c_01

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We propose a method of constructing cold atom analogs of the spintronic device known as the Datta-Das transistor (DDT), which, despite its seminal conceptual role in spintronics, has never been successfully realized with electrons. We propose two alternative schemes for an atomic DDT, both of which are based on the experimental setup for tripod stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. Both setups involve atomic beams incident on a series of laser fields mimicking the relativistic spin-orbit coupling for electrons that is the operating mechanism of the DDT.
Spin-dependent electrical injection has found useful applications in storage devices, but fully operational spin-dependent semiconductor electronics remain a challenging task because of weak spin-orbit couplings and/or strong spin relaxations. These limitations are lifted considering atoms instead of electrons or holes as spin carriers. In this emerging field of atomtronics, we demonstrate the equivalent of a Datta-Das transistor using a degenerate Fermi gas of strontium atoms as spin carriers in interaction with a tripod laser-beams scheme. We explore the dependence of spin rotation, and we identify two key control parameters which we interpret as equivalent to the gate-source and drain-source voltages of a field effect transistor. Our finding broadens the spectrum of atomtronics devices for implementation of operational spin-sensitive circuits.
Atomtronics focuses on atom analogs of electronic materials, devices, and circuits. A strongly interacting ultracold Bose gas in a lattice potential is analogous to electrons in solid-state crystalline media. As a consequence of the gapped many-body energy spectrum, cold atoms in a lattice exhibit insulatorlike or conductorlike properties. PPP-type and NNN-type material analogs are created by introducing impurity sites into the lattice. Current through an atomtronic wire is generated by connecting the wire to an atomtronic battery which maintains the two contacts at different chemical potentials. The design of an atomtronic diode with a strongly asymmetric current-voltage curve exploits the existence of superfluid and insulating regimes in the phase diagram. The atom analog of a bipolar junction transistor exhibits large negative gain. Our results provide the building blocks for more advanced atomtronic devices and circuits such as amplifiers, oscillators, and fundamental logic gates.
Abstract : Theoretical work established a quantum framework in which to address atom analogs of electronic devices and circuits. Initial focus was on isolated elements, particularly atom diodes and atom transistors. Two theoretical approaches addressed different device strategies, one based on double and triple potential wells, the other based on periodic structures that are analogous to semiconductor materials. The first approach is suited to implementations using ultracold atom chip technology, whereas the second is amenable to optical lattice experiments. Both approaches established the presence of atom flux gain in a simple transistor configuration. Further theoretical work developed an open quantum systems approach to simple yet complete circuits. This work provides the analytical tools for treating more complex atomtronic circuits. Corresponding experimental work focused on building an atom chip based Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC) system for carrying out atom transistor experiments. Chip development demonstrated technology for fabricating structures having nanowires suspended across a substrate groove to avoid the deleterious impact of Van der Waals forces. This work established the foundation of atomtronics and the possibility of experimentally demonstrating such circuits in the near future.