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Chinese Physics B

Protected simultaneous quantum remote state preparation scheme by weak and reversal measurements in noisy environments

Mandal Manoj Kumar, Binayak Samadder Choudhury, Samanta Soumen

Published Jul 12, 2023• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

We discuss a quantum remote state preparation protocol by which two parties, Alice and Candy, prepare a single-qubit and a two-qubit state, respectively, at the site of the receiver Bob. The single-qubit state is known to Alice while the two-qubit state which is a non-maximally entangled Bell state is known to Candy. The three parties are connected through a single entangled state which acts as a quantum channel. We first describe the protocol in the ideal case when the entangled channel under use is in a pure state. After that, we consider the effect of amplitude damping (AD) noise on the quantum channel and describe the protocol executed through the noisy channel. The decrement of the fidelity is shown to occur with the increment in the noise parameter. This is shown by numerical computation in specific examples of the states to be created. Finally, we show that it is possible to maintain the label of fidelity to some extent and hence to decrease the effect of noise by the application of weak and reversal measurements. We also present a scheme for the generation of the five-qubit entangled resource which we require as a quantum channel. The generation scheme is run on the IBMQ platform.

DOI
10.1088/1674-1056/ace683

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We discuss a quantum remote state preparation protocol by which two parties, Alice and Candy, prepare a single-qubit and a two-qubit state, respectively, at the site of the receiver Bob. The single-qubit state is known to Alice while the two-qubit state which is a non-maximally entangled Bell state is known to Candy. The three parties are connected through a single entangled state which acts as a quantum channel. We first describe the protocol in the ideal case when the entangled channel under use is in a pure state. After that, we consider the effect of amplitude damping (AD) noise on the quantum channel and describe the protocol executed through the noisy channel. The decrement of the fidelity is shown to occur with the increment in the noise parameter. This is shown by numerical computation in specific examples of the states to be created. Finally, we show that it is possible to maintain the label of fidelity to some extent and hence to decrease the effect of noise by the application of weak and reversal measurements. We also present a scheme for the generation of the five-qubit entangled resource which we require as a quantum channel. The generation scheme is run on the IBMQ platform.
Abstract In this paper, we develop a quantum communication protocol for the simultaneous preparation of a two-qubit and a three-qubit state at the positions of two different parties situated spatially apart. For one party, Alice, it is a remote state preparation of a known two-qubit state while for the other party, Bob, it is a joint remote state preparation with the help of a third party, Eve. The protocol is executed in a hybrid form bi-directionally in the presence of two controllers, Charlie and David. There is a hierarchy in the process through different levels of control under which the actions by Alice and Bob are performed. There is a need for a ten-qubit entangled channel connecting the five parties. The generation of this channel through a circuit is discussed. The protocol is executed on the IBM Quantum platform. We also study the effect of noise on our protocol. Here, amplitude-damping, bit-flip and phase-flip noisy environments are considered and the corresponding variations of fidelity are theoretically and numerically analyzed.
In this paper we discuss a quantum multi-tasking protocol for preparation of known one-qubit and two-qubit states respectively in two different locations. The ideal remote state preparation protocol is discussed in the first place in which a five-qubit entangled state is utilized. The design for the preparation of such entanglement is also presented and run on IBM quantum composer platform. The effects of three types of noises on the protocol are discussed and in all these cases the reduced fidelities of the process are calculated. The variations of these fidelities with respect to different parameters are analysed.
In this paper, we discuss a protocol for preparing a non-maximally entangled W-state at a distant location where there are two parties intending such creation each of whom possesses only partial information about the state. These two parties along with a third party Controller, participate in a single protocol in order to create the intended state in the hands of a fourth party. The role of the controller is to fabricate an 8-qubit entangled state and distribute the respective qubits involved in the entangled state to the relevant parties and thereby creating a noisy quantum channel. The protocol is first ideally discussed in the noise-free case which is then a perfect joint remote state preparation protocol with fidelity 1. Then, we discuss the performance of the protocol in the presence of noise in which the fidelity is diminished. We consider three different types of noises and analyze the variation of fidelity of the process.
Quantum communication is one of the cutting-edge research areas today, where the scheme of Remote State Preparation (RSP) has caught significant attention of researchers. A number of different schemes of RSP have already been proposed so far. We propose here a hierarchical RSP protocol for sending a two-qubit entangled state using a seven-qubit highly entangled state derived from Brown et al. state. We have also studied here the effects of two well known noise models namely amplitude damping (AD) and phase damping (PD) that affect the quantum communication channel used for the protocol. An investigation on the variation of fidelity of the state with respect to the noise operator and the receiver is made. PD noise is found to affect the fidelity more than the AD noise and the higher power receiver, obtains the state with higher fidelity than the lower power receiver under the effect of noise. To the best of our knowledge, we believe that we have achieved the highest fidelity for the higher power receiver, 0.89 in the presence of maximum AD noise and 0.72 in the presence of maximum PD noise, compared to all the previously proposed RSP protocols in noisy environments. The study of noise is described in a very pedagogical manner for better understanding of the application of noise models to a communication protocol.
We present a scheme for remote preparing a general two-particle state by two entangled states serving as the quantum communication channel. In this scheme, it is possible for the receiver to perfectly reconstruct the initial state that the sender hopes to prepare with the method of introducing an auxiliary qubit and postselection measurements in the situation of non-maximal entangled quantum channel. Furthermore, we investigate the influence of the dissipation factors on the processing of the remote state preparation when the entangled resources are in the Markovian and non-Markovian noisy environments. It is shown that the fidelity of remote state preparation is decreasing exponentially over time in Markovian environments and attenuating oscillatorily in non-Markovian. However, when the non-Markovian and the detuning conditions are satisfied simultaneously, the fidelity can be preserved at comparative high levels, effectively.
We present an asymmetric controlled bidirectional remote preparation scheme under the control of Charlie, where Alice transmits an arbitrary single-qubit equatorial state to Bob and Bob transmits an arbitrary three-qubit equatorial state to Alice. First, the quantum channel is constructed by usingHadamard(H{H}H) andCNOToperations. Second, we consider our scheme in the noiseless environment and construct the appropriate measurement bases. In addition, the participants can recover the prepared states through implementing the corresponding recovery operations determinately. Third, we discuss our scheme in five types of noisy environments (amplitude-damping, phase-damping, bit-flip, phase-flip, and depolarizing noisy environment). The fidelities of the output states are calculated, which depend on the coefficients of the prepared states and the decoherence rates. Finally, some discussions and conclusions are given. Compared with previous schemes, our scheme does not need additional operations or auxiliary qubits. So it is slightly more efficient.