Abstract In this paper, a hybrid protocol for teleportation and remote state preparation of an unknown and a known qubits is introduced. The suggested protocol depends on only a single measurement and a single entangled channel which makes the protocol operationally convenient. The protocol has been implemented on the IBM platform. Moreover, a quantum circuit is designed to generate the quantum channel between the sender and the receivers. The fidelity of the receiver’s channel is investigated in the presence of different types of noises which are Bit-flip noise, Phase-flip noise, Bit-phase-flip noise, Depolarizing noise and Two-Pauli noise. It is shown that the fidelities decrease gradually with the strength of the noise.
Abstract In this paper, a hybrid protocol for teleportation and remote state preparation of an unknown and a known qubits is introduced. The suggested protocol depends on only a single measurement and a single entangled channel which makes the protocol operationally convenient. The protocol has been implemented on the IBM platform. Moreover, a quantum circuit is designed to generate the quantum channel between the sender and the receivers. The fidelity of the receiver’s channel is investigated in the presence of different types of noises which are Bit-flip noise, Phase-flip noise, Bit-phase-flip noise, Depolarizing noise and Two-Pauli noise. It is shown that the fidelities decrease gradually with the strength of the noise.
In the domain of quantum communication, quantum teleportation (QT) emerges as a pivotal protocol, enabling the transmission of quantum states across significant distances. However, the ubiquitous presence of quantum noise inevitably affects this process, causing deviations in the teleported state from its intended configuration. This study proposes an innovative approach to mitigate noise error (bit-flip and phase-flip) and within quantum channels. The method involves implementing quantum gates between communicating parties, effectively diminishing the impact of these noise types on the entangled channel and enhancing QT efficacy in noise-prone environments. Experimental results demonstrate that noisy channel has low-fidelity 16.67% in bit flip noise and 68.60% in phase flip noise. The proposed noise mitigation quantum circuit attained the 100% fidelity.
Abstract In this paper, we develop a quantum communication protocol for the simultaneous preparation of a two-qubit and a three-qubit state at the positions of two different parties situated spatially apart. For one party, Alice, it is a remote state preparation of a known two-qubit state while for the other party, Bob, it is a joint remote state preparation with the help of a third party, Eve. The protocol is executed in a hybrid form bi-directionally in the presence of two controllers, Charlie and David. There is a hierarchy in the process through different levels of control under which the actions by Alice and Bob are performed. There is a need for a ten-qubit entangled channel connecting the five parties. The generation of this channel through a circuit is discussed. The protocol is executed on the IBM Quantum platform. We also study the effect of noise on our protocol. Here, amplitude-damping, bit-flip and phase-flip noisy environments are considered and the corresponding variations of fidelity are theoretically and numerically analyzed.
Abstract We propose a new protocol for quantum teleportation (QT) which adopts the Brown state as the quantum channel. This work focuses on the teleportation of a single unknown two-qubit state via a Brown state channel in an ideal environment. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed scheme, we conduct experiments by using the quantum circuit simulator Quirk. Furthermore, we investigate the effects of four noisy channels, namely, the phase damping noise, the bit-flip noise, the amplitude damping noise, and the phase-flip noise. Notably, we employ Monte Carlo simulation to elucidate the fidelity density under various noise parameters. Our analysis demonstrates that the fidelity of the protocol in a noisy environment is influenced significantly by the amplitude of the initial state and the noise factor.
Noise is a major challenge in quantum computing, affecting the reliability of quantum protocols. In this work, we analytically study the impact of various noise processes, such as depolarization, bit flip, and phase flip, on the quantum state teleportation protocol. Each noise process is modeled as a quantum channel and is applied individually to all qubits after the corresponding unitary operations to simulate realistic conditions. We evaluate the fidelity between the ideal and noisy teleported states to quantify the effect of noise. Our analysis shows that the fidelity decreases polynomially, in general, as the noise strength increases for all noise types, highlighting the sensitivity of state teleportation to different noise mechanisms. However, in the low noise regime, the fidelity decreases only linearly, indicating the robustness of the teleportation protocol. These results provide insight into error characterization and can inform strategies for noise mitigation in practical quantum computing applications.
We present a protocol for remote preparation of an arbitrary two-qudit state by using a four-qudit [Formula: see text]-type state as the quantum channel via positive operator-valued measurement. We first propose the protocol for remote preparation of an arbitrary two-qudit state via positive operator-valued measurement in noiseless environment and then discuss the protocol in noisy environments. Four important quantum decoherence noise models, the dephasing noise, the qudit-flip noise, the qudit-phase-flip noise and the depolarizing noise, are considered in our protocol. The output states and the fidelities of remote state preparation in four different types of quantum noises are presented. It is shown the protocol for remote state preparation via positive operator-valued measurement with [Formula: see text]-type state has the advantage of transmitting less particles for remote preparing an arbitrary two-qudit state. The fidelities of remote state preparation depend on the coefficients of original two-qudit state and the decoherence rates of the noise models.
Abstract This study investigates the effect of noise on two-qubit quantum teleportation through a four-qubit entangled channel theoretically. Therefore, in this study a comparison of two states of teleportation through ideal and noisy channel was carried out. The noisy channel can have the effect of bit-flip channel and phase-flip channel. From these two effects, it is found that the channel transforms in-to a mixed state. If the noise is neglected, the channel is pure state. Then, this channel is measured and fidelity is calculated. The fidelity of an ideal environment is 1. This indicates that the teleportation was successfully sent and at the same time confirms the teleportation behavior under ideal conditions. In noisy environments, fidelity can be less than 1. Two factors in noisy environment that affect fidelity are noise factor (p) and the orginal parameter states (transmission coefficients). In this calculation, for the bit flip noise, we observed that as the values of the coefficient values of transmitted state increase, the fidelity value increases. Meanwhile, for the phase flip noise, we observed that as the values of the coefficient values of transmitted state increase, the fidelity value decreases.