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Optimum Control Beam Angle for a Biased Fabry-Perot Bistable Device

Rosie Cush, Ian Bennion C

Published Jan 1, 1987• 0 citations

Abstract

The use of bistable Fabry-Perot devices as multi-port cascadable devices has been frequently discussed in the literature (1-3). It has been envisaged that such devices could be addressed by a number of bias and control beams each approaching the device at a different angle (fig. 1). However, if these devices are to be cascadable, the same wavelength of light must be used for all control and bias beams. In this situation the control beam intensities inside the devices will be determined by the amplification effects of the cavity. Their behaviour will differ from that of the bias beam as the different incident angles produce additional phase changes. It has been shown that these additional phase changes give rise to bistable switching as the incident angle of the beam is changed (4) and this behaviour is demonstrated experimentally.

DOI: 10.1364/optcomp.1987.tuc5

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The use of bistable Fabry-Perot devices as multi-port cascadable devices has been frequently discussed in the literature (1-3). It has been envisaged that such devices could be addressed by a number of bias and control beams each approaching the device at a different angle (fig. 1). However, if these devices are to be cascadable, the same wavelength of light must be used for all control and bias beams. In this situation the control beam intensities inside the devices will be determined by the amplification effects of the cavity. Their behaviour will differ from that of the bias beam as the different incident angles produce additional phase changes. It has been shown that these additional phase changes give rise to bistable switching as the incident angle of the beam is changed (4) and this behaviour is demonstrated experimentally.

We demonstrate optically bistable (light switching light) operation in a room-temperature InGaAsP Fabry-Perot amplifier. The amplifier is an InGaAsP/InP laser structure biased at ~95% of its lasing threshold. It is switched with <3 μW of optical power provided by the mechanically chopped output of a quasi-single-mode InGaAsP/InP laser. The experimental apparatus is depicted in Fig, 1. A change in the refractive Index in the amplifier of only 5 × 10−4 is sufficient to cause switching. Input and output pulses from the nonlinear amplifier are shown in Fig. 2 when the source frequency is initially detuned by 14 GHz from the closest Fabry-Perot mode of the amplifier. Smaller switching powers are required at lesser detunings. The physical mechanism of the intensity-dependent change of the refractive index is thought to be the change in carrier density resulting from stimulated recombination of free carriers.

We present what is to our knowledge the first study of optical bistability in Fabry-Perot laser-diode amplifiers that have asymmetric facet reflectivities. When operated in reflection, the light input-light output characteristics exhibit a transition from counterclockwise to clockwise hysteresis by way of an X-shaped or butterfly hysteresis. This transition can be achieved by a change in either the device bias or the phase detuning of the incident light. Our results are in good agreement with calculation.