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Annual Meeting Optical Society of America

Temporal behaviors of diffracted signals in resonant media

Chris Oneill, A. Blouin, F. Chenard, Pierre Galarneau, N.-M. Denariez-Roberge

Published Jan 1, 1990• 0 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The temporal evolution of optical nonlinearities is an important element in the choice of materials suitable for applications such as optical switches, real-time optical correlators, and optical memories. In this paper, we report a study of the nonlinear optical properties of a (1) saturable absorber (rhodamine 6G) in solution (water and methanol) and also embedded in a polyvinyl alcohol matrix and (2) a thin film of glass doped with CdSxSe1-x microcrystallites. The temporal response of the phase-conjugate signal obtained by degenerate four-wave mixing, as well as the dynamic of higher-order resonant signals have been investigated by means of a frequency-doubled picosecond Nd:YAG laser. Intensity-dependent relaxation times have been found for some materials. Merit figures (defined as the ratio between the nonlinear susceptibility and its relaxation time) of these media have been considered for different polarization configurations. Physical mechanisms involved in the grating relaxation for these different media will be discussed.

DOI
10.1364/oam.1990.thy9

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The temporal evolution of optical nonlinearities is an important element in the choice of materials suitable for applications such as optical switches, real-time optical correlators, and optical memories. In this paper, we report a study of the nonlinear optical properties of a (1) saturable absorber (rhodamine 6G) in solution (water and methanol) and also embedded in a polyvinyl alcohol matrix and (2) a thin film of glass doped with CdSxSe1-x microcrystallites. The temporal response of the phase-conjugate signal obtained by degenerate four-wave mixing, as well as the dynamic of higher-order resonant signals have been investigated by means of a frequency-doubled picosecond Nd:YAG laser. Intensity-dependent relaxation times have been found for some materials. Merit figures (defined as the ratio between the nonlinear susceptibility and its relaxation time) of these media have been considered for different polarization configurations. Physical mechanisms involved in the grating relaxation for these different media will be discussed.
Studies on optical phase conjugation by degenerate four-wave mixing in aqueous rhodamine 6G solutions and in rhodamine 6G embedded in polyvinyl alcohol thin films are presented. The experiments were performed at 532 nm using picosecond pulses. Strong nonlinearities were observed in both media for three different polarization configurations of the incoming beams. The time dependence of the signals was also studied and was similar in both media. The decay kinetics in each case reflects the competition between two different processes: a fast one related to the relaxation of the anisotropic absorption and a slower one associated with the decay of the stable S1 state.
Degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) is a simple method to achieve phase conjugation. It uses the third-order nonlinearity of the electric susceptibility to produce changes in the optical properties of materials. A dynamic grating is then induced. Such gratings might be used as fast optical memories in optical computing. Our aim is to find media with large nonlinear susceptibilities and fast response time. We report phase conjugation of 532-nm laser radiation by DFWM in dye solutions. The time dependence of the conjugated wave is investigated experimentally and compared to theoretical predictions. We have also studied the influence of the solvents, dye concentration, and pump intensity on the phase conjugated signal. The results are compared with those predicted by three nonlinear mechanisms. Thermally induced refractive-index changes, Kerr effect, and saturable absorption are considered.
Summary form only given. Self-diffraction by four-wave-mixing (FWM) in a nonlinear medium such as liquid crystals and photorefractive materials can contribute to perform energy transfer between the two incident beams. FWM in a saturable gain media has received an intense attention in recent years. Owing to the amplification experienced by all the interaction beams, the high diffraction efficiency is expected. This paper presents the demonstration of transient self-diffraction by pico-second FWM in a saturable amplifier Rhodamine 6G polymer dye. In this work, we extend our previous study of FWM in an inverted polymer dye in the transient regime by using signal and pump lasers with pulse duration of much less than the population relaxation time (several nanoseconds) in the polymer dye. The polymer dye saturable amplifier is shown to be an excellent nonlinear material with high diffraction efficiency and fast response time. It has a potential for applications such as real-time holography, phase conjugation, pulse shaping, and all optical temporal-spatial conversion.
The optical phase conjugation signal in nearly nondegenerate four wave mixing was studied using a rhodamine 110 doped boric acid glass saturable absorber nonlinear medium. We have demonstrated a narrow band optical filter (2.56±0.15Hz) using an optical phase conjugation signal in the frequency modulation of a weak probe beam in the presence of two strong counterpropagating pump beams in rhodamine 110 doped boric acid glass thin films (10−4m). Both the pump beams and the probe beam are at a wavelength of 488nm (continuous-wave Ar+ laser). The probe beam frequency was detuned with a ramp signal using a piezoelectric transducer mirror.
We present a time-resolved study of the diffracted pulse in degenerate four-wave mixing experiments with short-response-time materials. The first step is the validation of a theoretical model that takes into account the temporal characteristics of the energy level (relaxation time T1 and dephasing time T2) and of the incident pulse (duration and spectral phase) in a simple particular case. Two methods are used for characterizing the diffracted beam: the amplitude correlation with the reference pulse and the spectrum intensity measurements. We discuss the experimental results, which show good agreement with the theoretical model and evidence the strong influence of the incident pulse characteristics.