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Quantum Battery Based on Hybrid Field Charging

Yunxiu Jiang, Tianhao Chen, Chu Xiao, Kaiyan Pan, Guangri Jin, Youbin Yu, Aixi Chen

Published Dec 14, 2022• 6 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A quantum battery consisting of an ensemble two-level atom is investigated. The battery is charged simultaneously by a harmonic field and an electrostatic field. The results show that the hybrid charging is superior to the previous case of only harmonic field charging in terms of battery capacity and charging power, regardless of whether the interaction between atoms is considered or not. In addition, the repulsive interaction between atoms will increase the battery capacity and charging power, while the attractive interaction between atoms will reduce the battery capacity and discharge power.

DOI
10.3390/e24121821

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A quantum battery consisting of an ensemble two-level atom is investigated. The battery is charged simultaneously by a harmonic field and an electrostatic field. The results show that the hybrid charging is superior to the previous case of only harmonic field charging in terms of battery capacity and charging power, regardless of whether the interaction between atoms is considered or not. In addition, the repulsive interaction between atoms will increase the battery capacity and charging power, while the attractive interaction between atoms will reduce the battery capacity and discharge power.
We consider a harmonic charging field as an energy charger for the quantum battery, which consists of an ensemble of two-level atoms. The charging of noninteracting atoms is completely fulfilled, which exhibits a substantial improvement over previous static charging fields. Involving the repulsive interactions of atoms, the fully charging is achieved with shorter charged period over the noninteracting case, yielding an advantage for the charging. Excluding the charging field, a quantum phase transition is induced by the attractive atom-atom interactions, and the interacting atoms become degenerate in the ground state. We find that the degenerate states play a negative role in the charging due to the gapless energies. The atoms with strong attractive interactions can not be charged completely, which is accompanied by a drop of the maximum stored energy.
The collective charge of NNN two-level atoms interacting in an open system is investigated. In contrast to a no atomic dissipation quantum battery, the battery remains at a steady state after reaching the moment of full charge. Considering the interactions between atoms, we find that the energy storage of quantum batteries will be significantly enhanced with the increase of atomic repulsion, and the attraction between atoms will exacerbate the dissipation of batteries in the environment. We extend this conclusion to two-level batteries in the drive field and three-level atom quantum batteries. In addition, we also investigate the dissipative charging process of multiatom quantum batteries and find that the number of atoms during the charging process can to some extent affect the energy conversion efficiency during the charging process. Under extreme conditions, the inverse temperature $\ensuremath{\beta}$ can disrupt the energy storage of the battery.
The Dicke model is a fundamental model in quantum optics, which describes the interaction between quantum cavity field and a large ensemble of two-level atoms. In this work, we propose an efficient charging quantum battery achieved by considering an extension Dicke model with dipole-dipole interaction and an external driving field. We focus on the influence of the atomic interaction and the driving field on the performance of the quantum battery during the charging process and find that the maximum stored energy exhibits a critical phenomenon. The maximum stored energy and maximum charging power are investigated by varying the number of atoms. When the coupling between atoms and cavity is not very strong, compared to the Dicke quantum battery, such quantum battery can achieve more stable and faster charging. In addition, the maximum charging power approximately satisfies a superlinear scaling relation P_{max}∝βN^{α}, where the quantum advantage α=1.6 can be reached via optimizing the parameters.
We propose and investigate the performance of a hybrid quantum battery, the so-called Kerr quantum battery, which consists of two interacting quantum oscillators, i.e., the charger is a harmonic oscillator and the battery is an anharmonic oscillator involving the Kerr nonlinearity. Such a setup creates nonuniform spacing between energy levels of the quantum oscillator that increases with the energy level. We find that the Kerr quantum battery can store more energy than the qubit battery and reaches maximum stored energy faster than the harmonic oscillator battery. In particular, the average charging power of the Kerr quantum battery is larger than the qubit battery. Furthermore, most of the stored energy in the Kerr quantum battery can be extracted for work. All of the properties of the Kerr quantum battery are controlled by the strength of nonlinearity, in which the enhancement of the nonlinearity transforms the battery from a harmonic oscillator to a qubit.
With the rapid development of quantum science and technology, quantum batteries have also emerged. However, there are still many unresolved issues in the field of quantum batteries. For example, how to improve battery space utilization, maximize battery energy storage, and how to increase and control the charging power of quantum batteries. A major challenge is how to achieve better charging power without reducing the energy storage of the quantum batteries. Here, we propose a controllable dual-cavity quantum battery which can increase the charging power without diminishing capacity of the quantum batteries by manipulating the number of atoms . This control method can effectively adjust the charging power of quantum batteries from N2N^2N2 times to N2.5N^2.5N2.5 times, and even to N3N^3N3 times. By adjusting the number of atoms, quantum batteries can achieve theoretical "fast charging" and "slow charging".
The advent of quantum batteries (QBs) has coincided with the accelerated progress in quantum science and technology. Here, we propose a novel double-cavity QB design, wherein the maximum charging power can be enhanced to N2.5{N}^{2.5}N2.5 times or even higher, up to N3{N}^{3}N3 times, through the manipulation of atomic distribution, which surpasses the upper limit of N2{N}^{2}N2 reported in previous study. The advantage of this manipulation is pronounced with an increasing number of atoms in the QB. A significant atom number discrepancy between the two cavities results in the simultaneous optimization of charging power and battery capacity, thereby enhancing charging efficiency without compromising energy storage capacity. Additionally, by modulating the number of atoms within each cavity, the QB is theoretically capable of transitioning between ``fast charging'' and ``slow charging'' modes. Notably, in an open system environment, the superiority of the QB is even more pronounced, with negligible energy loss at the final steady state relative to the maximum energy storage of an isolated system.