Quantum Information Science: From foundations to new technologies

Manoj Kumar Tiwari

Ivan Deutsch

The second quantum revolution has been built on a foundation of fundamental research at the intersection of physics and information science, giving rise to the discipline we now call quantum information science (QIS).The quest for new knowledge and understanding drove the development of new experimental tools and rigorous theory, which defined the road map for second-wave quantum technologies, including quantum computers, quantum-enhanced sensors, and communication systems.As technology has matured, the race to develop and commercialize near-term applications has accelerated.In the current regime of Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices [J.Preskill, Quantum 2, 79 ( 2018)], the continued necessity of basic research is manifest.Under what conditions can we truly harness quantum complexity and what are its implications for potential useful applications?These questions remain largely unanswered and as the QIS industry ramps up, a continuous feedback between basic science and technology is essential.In this Perspective, I review how curiosity-driven research has led to radical new technologies and why the quest for basic understanding is essential for further progress.

Wang Lu-zhi

Quantum information is a new forefront inter-discipline which combines information science with quantum physics. It has the unique characteristics of entanglement and non-localized connection with which the classical information science can抰 compare. This poses a new problem to philosophy. On the basis of the foundation of information theory by science and technology, the article redefines information from the philosophical angle, thinking information is an objective existence in the form of non-substance with movement as its presentation. The article explains the three kinds of intrinsic unitarity of quantum information: the unitarity between information existence and quantum existence, the unitarity between determinism and non-determinism, the unitarity between locality and non-locality.

Philippe Grangier

M. Dugić, J. Jeknić-Dugić, M. Arsenijević

Quantum measurement problem is a long-standing problem at the heart of the foundations of modern physics and nascent technology, such as quantum technology. The last forty years brought a renowned interest in this problem with an emphasis on the new foundations of quantum theory and unpredicted formulation of some new quantum disciplines, such as the open quantum systems theory and the quantum information and computation science. A state of the art of the problem of measurement is shortly presented, including a brief historical view, with a review of the authors' original contributions.

Keiji Matsumoto