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Sensors

Estimation of the Influence of a Noisy Environment on the Binary Decision Strategy in a Quantum Illumination Radar

Sylvain Borderieux, Arnaud Coatanhay, Ali Khenchaf

Published Jun 25, 2022• 3 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A quantum illumination radar uses quantum entanglement to enhance photodetection sensitivity. The entanglement is quickly destroyed by the decoherence in an environment, although the sensitivity enhancement could survive thanks to quantum correlations beyond the entanglement. These quantum correlations are quantified by the quantum discord. Here, we use a toy model with an amplitude damping channel and Lloyd's binary decision strategy to highlight the possible role of these correlations from the perspective of a quantum radar.

DOI
10.3390/s22134821

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A quantum illumination radar uses quantum entanglement to enhance photodetection sensitivity. The entanglement is quickly destroyed by the decoherence in an environment, although the sensitivity enhancement could survive thanks to quantum correlations beyond the entanglement. These quantum correlations are quantified by the quantum discord. Here, we use a toy model with an amplitude damping channel and Lloyd's binary decision strategy to highlight the possible role of these correlations from the perspective of a quantum radar.
The quantum illumination radar uses pairs of entangled photons to enhance the detection sensitivity of a reflecting target.In this paper, we worked on a quantum illumination radar using a pair of entangled photons in polarization in the microwave frequency range in the atmosphere.We studied the quantum information evolution modeling the propagation of a photon in the atmosphere while building two binary decision strategies for the QI radar.We focused on the quantum information evolution showing that the quantum discord representing quantum correlations beyond entanglement could represent an interesting resource to explore for the subject of quantum radar.In addition, we made an approximative estimation of the entanglement survival distance in the atmosphere.Results showed that an optimization should be found to favour the survival of quantum correlations or the signal-to-noise ratios calculated with the binary decision strategy.
The benefits of entanglement can outlast entanglement itself. In quantum illumination, entanglement is employed to better detect reflecting objects in environments so noisy that all entanglement is destroyed. Here, we show that quantum discord—a more resilient form of quantum correlations—explains the resilience of quantum illumination. We introduce a quantitative relation between the performance gain in quantum illumination and the amount of discord used to encode information about the presence or absence of a reflecting object. This highlights discords role preserving the benefits of entanglement in entanglement breaking noise.
Quantum radar systems leverage entangled photon pairs to detect and identify targets in noisy or cluttered environments with sensitivity beyond classical limits. By transmitting one photon of an entangled pair toward a distant object while retaining its partner locally, the system exploits quantum correlations to improve signal discrimination, reduce noise susceptibility, and enhance detection probability. This paper outlines the physical principles, operational architecture, and performance advantages of entanglement‑based illumination, providing a clear foundation for future quantum‑enhanced sensing technologies.(If you want it shorter, longer, or more formal, tap: shorter paragraph, longer paragraph, more formal)
The conventional radar theory relies on the classical electromagnetic wave theory to run. On the contrary, a quantum radar will relie on the quantum mechanic theory to run. A quantum radar that uses the quantum illumination based on photon entanglement enables to get a better detection sensitivity. In this paper, we highlight the influence of the propagation environment on the quantum illumination radar scheme. Our approach consists in describing the quantum information evolution inside the radar and the entanglement rate with a mathematical parameter which represents the interaction strength of the propagation medium on the quantum system used by the radar.
Superposition and entanglement, the quintessential characteristics of quantum physics, have been shown to provide communication, computation, and sensing capabilities that go beyond what classical physics will permit. It is natural, therefore, to explore their application to radar, despite the fact that decoherence-caused by the loss and noise encountered in radar sensing-destroys these fragile quantum properties. This paper tells the story of “quantum illumination”, an entanglement-based approach to quantum radar, from its inception to its current understanding. Remarkably, despite loss and noise that destroys its initial entanglement, quantum illumination does offer a target-detection performance improvement over a classical radar of the same transmitted energy. A realistic assessment of that improvement's utility, however, shows that its value is severely limited. Nevertheless, the fact that entanglement can be of value on an entanglement-breaking channel-the meta-lesson of the quantum illumination story-should spur continued research on quantum radar.
Quantum illumination employs entanglement to detect reflecting objects in environments so noisy that all entanglement is destroyed. This appears paradoxical: the benefit of entanglement outlasts entanglement itself. Here we demonstrate that the resilience of quantum illumination is due to quantum discord - a more resilient form of quantum correlations. We prove a direct equality between the performance gain in quantum illumination and the amount of discord which is expended to resolve the target. Discord outlasts entanglement; and in harnessing this discord, quantum illumination outperforms all conventional techniques. This simultaneously explains why quantum illumination thrives in entanglement breaking noise, and confirms discord is a resource of immediate value.