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Applied Physics Letters

STANDING-WAVE SATURATION RESONANCES IN THE CO2 10.6-μ TRANSITIONS OBSERVED IN A LOW-PRESSURE ROOM-TEMPERATURE ABSORBER GAS

Charles A. Freed, Ali Javan

Published Jul 15, 1970• 325 citations
Publisher

Abstract

The standing-wave saturation resonances are observed by subjecting the CO2 absorber gas to the standing-wave 10.6-μ laser field and detecting the change induced in the entire 4.3-μ (001) → (000) spontaneous emission band as the laser frequency is tuned within the Doppler profile of a specific 10.6-μ transition. Long-term stabilization on any oscillating transition is achieved.

DOI
10.1063/1.1653307

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Applied Physics Letters•Sep 15, 1978•19 citations
The standing-wave saturation resonances are observed by subjecting the CO2 absorber gas to the standing-wave 10.6-μ laser field and detecting the change induced in the entire 4.3-μ (001) → (000) spontaneous emission band as the laser frequency is tuned within the Doppler profile of a specific 10.6-μ transition. Long-term stabilization on any oscillating transition is achieved.
A gas of two-level atoms is strongly saturated by a standing wave field. The same transition is probed by a weak tunable field. The observed probe absorption displays features due to both population modifications and coherences induced by the strong field. The probe spectrum is evaluated and interpreted in terms of coherent and incoherent multiphoton processes, power shifts and Stark splittings. Specific standing wave effects are identified and discussed. The relations to previous treatments are clarified.
We report the development of a simple method for eliminating coherent background noise and fluctuations from saturation spectroscopy signals. With this technique, which utilizes a traveling-wave acousto-optic modulator to simultaneously frequency-shift and modulate the saturating beam, we have routinely observed zero background, Doppler-free saturation resonances in the I2I_{2}I2​ at 514.5 nm. With a low-noise laser or high pump modulation frequency, we have achieved detection sensitivity approaching the fundamental quantum limit.