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Microoptics Conference

High-Efficiency Focusing Double-Etched SiN Grating Coupler for Trapped Ion Qubit Manipulation

Mizuki Shirao, Daniel Klawson, Sara Mouradian, Ming C. Wu

Published Sep 26, 2021• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

A high efficiency and low crosstalk SiN grating coupler was demonstrated for trapped ion qubit manipulation. By optimizing a chirped double-etch grating with inverse design, a diffraction efficiency of 98.0 % was achieved for 729 nm. Additionally, an ellipse-shaped beam resulted in a low crosstalk of -36 dB assuming 7.07 µm neighboring ion spacing.

DOI
10.23919/moc52031.2021.9598098

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A high efficiency and low crosstalk SiN grating coupler was demonstrated for trapped ion qubit manipulation. By optimizing a chirped double-etch grating with inverse design, a diffraction efficiency of 98.0 % was achieved for 729 nm. Additionally, an ellipse-shaped beam resulted in a low crosstalk of -36 dB assuming 7.07 µm neighboring ion spacing.
In this work, we report the design and optimization of photonics interposer for addressing trapped ion in a quantum computing system. The interposer is built on commercial SOI platform comprising of grating couplers and waveguide. 1,092 nm light beam can be coupled into the input coupler and propagates along the waveguide, which is eventually directed towards the trapped 88Sr+ ion qubit. Considering the coupling efficiency of both input and output coupler, the power efficiency reaching the trapped ion can be estimated to be ∼ 16%, and the output 1,092 nm light can be coupled onto the trapped ion qubit for addressing.
Trapped-ion quantum computing requires precise optical control for individual qubit manipulation. However, conventional free-space optics face challenges in alignment stability and scalability as the number of qubits increases. Integrated photonics offers a promising alternative, providing miniaturized optical systems on a chip. Here, we propose a design for a multimode photonic circuit integrated with a surface-electrode ion trap capable of targeted and reconfigurable light delivery. Three closely positioned ions can be addressed using a focusing grating coupler that emits multimode light through electrode openings to ions trapped 80 μμμm above the chip. Simulations show that the couplers achieve diffraction-limited spot with a 4.3 μμμm beam waist along the trap axis and 2.2 μμμm perpendicular to the trap axis. Controlled interference of the TE10_{\text{10}}10​ and TE20_{\text{20}}20​ modes results in crosstalk of -20 dB to -30 dB at ion separations of 5-8 μμμm when addressing ions individually, and down to -60 dB when two of the three ions are addressed simultaneously. Additionally, the higher-order TE modes can offer a novel mechanism for driving spin-motion coupling transitions, potentially enabling alternative approaches to quantum gates and simulations. The proposed integrated platform offers a viable path for constructing large-scale trapped-ion systems, leveraging the benefits of nanophotonic design for precise and reliable ion manipulation.
In this work, we report the design and optimization of photonics interposer for addressing trapped ion in a quantum computing system. The interposer is built on commercial SOI platform comprising of grating couplers and waveguide. 1,092 nm light beam can be coupled into the input coupler and propagates along the waveguide, which is eventually directed towards the trapped 88Sr+ ion qubit. Considering the coupling efficiency of both input and output coupler, the power efficiency reaching the trapped ion can be estimated to be ∼ 16%, and the output 1,092 nm light can be coupled onto the trapped ion qubit for addressing.
Trapped-ion quantum computing requires precise optical control for individual qubit manipulation. However, conventional free-space optics face challenges in alignment stability and scalability as the number of qubits increases. Integrated photonics offers a promising alternative, providing miniaturized optical systems on a chip. Here, we propose a design for a multimode photonic circuit integrated with a surface-electrode ion trap capable of targeted and reconfigurable light delivery. Three closely positioned ions can be addressed using a focusing grating coupler that emits multimode light through electrode openings to ions trapped 68 μm above the chip. Simulations show that the couplers achieve a diffraction-limited spot with a 4.3 μm beam waist along the trap axis and 2.2 μm perpendicular to the trap axis. Controlled interference of the TE 00 and TE 10 modes results in crosstalk of –20 dB to –30 dB at ion separations of 5–8 μm when addressing ions individually, and down to –60 dB when two of the three ions are addressed simultaneously. Additionally, the higher-order TE modes can offer a novel mechanism for driving spin-motion coupling transitions, potentially enabling alternative approaches to quantum gates and simulations. The proposed integrated platform offers a viable path for constructing large-scale trapped-ion systems, leveraging the benefits of nanophotonic design for precise and reliable ion manipulation.