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Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters

Population Transfer in a Nitrogen-Vacancy Spin Qutrit via Shortcuts to Adiabaticity with Simplified Drivings

Run‐Ying Yan, Zhi‐Bo Feng

Published Sep 1, 2021• 2 citations
Publisher

Abstract

Optimal control of quantum system is significant for information science and technology. Here, an efficient scheme is proposed for implementing fast population transfer in a spin qutrit of nitrogen-vacancy center via shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) with simplified drivings. At two-photon resonance, a $$\Lambda $$ -configuration interaction between the spin qutrit and driving fields can be obtained effectively. By the invariant-based STA, the reversible population transfer can be realized using the Rabi pulses with sine and cosine waveforms. Compared with the superadiabatic transitionless driving, the present pulses in our strategy become simplified technically, contributing to reduce the error effect of control parameter deviations. Moreover, the high-fidelity quantum operations can be performed with the accessible decoherence rates. The protocol could offer an optimized avenue towards the STA-based quantum control of spin qutrit experimentally.

DOI
10.1134/s0021364021180028

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Optimal control of quantum system is significant for information science and technology. Here, an efficient scheme is proposed for implementing fast population transfer in a spin qutrit of nitrogen-vacancy center via shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) with simplified drivings. At two-photon resonance, a Λ\Lambda Λ -configuration interaction between the spin qutrit and driving fields can be obtained effectively. By the invariant-based STA, the reversible population transfer can be realized using the Rabi pulses with sine and cosine waveforms. Compared with the superadiabatic transitionless driving, the present pulses in our strategy become simplified technically, contributing to reduce the error effect of control parameter deviations. Moreover, the high-fidelity quantum operations can be performed with the accessible decoherence rates. The protocol could offer an optimized avenue towards the STA-based quantum control of spin qutrit experimentally.
We propose an effective scheme to implement fast and robust population transfer with a Josephson qutrit via shortcut to adiabaticity. Facilitated by the level-transition rule, a Λ-configuration resonant interaction can be realized between microwave drivings and the qutrit with sufficient level anharmonicity, from which we perform the reversible population transfers via invariant-based shortcut. Compared with the detuned drivings, the utilized resonant drivings shorten the transfer times significantly. Further analysis of the dependence of transfer time on Rabi couplings is helpful to experimental investigations. Thanks to the accelerated process, transfer operation is highly insensitive to noise effects. Thus the protocol could provide a promising avenue to experimentally perform fast and robust quantum operations on Josephson artificial atoms.
We develop an effective scheme for implementing error-insensitive population transfer in a three-level system (qutrit) by invariant-based shortcuts with optimized drivings. Based on the method of inverse engineering, target population transfers can be performed in a shortcut manner. Taking into account the deviation errors and then optimizing the coherent drivings, we can improve the target population transfers to be insensitive to deviations of frequency detuning or Rabi coupling. Particularly, with an appropriate choice of coherent drivings, our scheme could be insensitive to these two kinds of errors simultaneously. As one of the potential applications, our scheme may remove the control errors of quantum operations on superconducting artificial atoms. By combining shortcuts to adiabaticity with optimal control, the protocol could offer a promising avenue to explore fast and robust quantum information processing experimentally.
Non-Hermitian dissipation dynamics, capable of turning the conventionally detrimental decoherence effects to useful resources for state engineering, is highly attractive to quantum information processing. In this work, an effective scheme is developed for implementing fast population transfer with a superconducting qutrit via the non-Hermitian shortcut to adiabaticity (STA). We first deal with a Λ-configuration interaction between the qutrit and microwave drivings, in which the dephasing-assisted qubit state inversion requiring an overlarge dephasing rate is constructed non-adiabatically. After introducing a feasible ancillary driving that directly acts upon the qubit states, the target state transfer can be well realized but with an accessible qubit dephasing rate. Moreover, a high fidelity could be numerically obtained in the considered system. The strategy could provide a new route towards the non-Hermitian shortcut operations on superconducting quantum circuits.
Shortcuts to adiabaticity~(STA) enables fast and robust coherent control of quantum system, which has been well placed in quantum technologies. In particular, inverse engineering STA provides much more freedom for the optimization of shortcut, which alleviates the complexity for experimental realization. Here, we implement a STA technique, known as invariant-based inverse engineering, to speed up the adiabatic control of the electron triplet ground state of a single nitrogen-vacancy~(NV) center. The microwave pulses to drive inversely engineered STA are obtained with space curve quantum control, where the evolution of spin transition is mapped to a three-dimensional closed space curve and the design of shortcut is obtained by optimization over the space curve. We demonstrate the fast and high-fidelity drive of dipole-forbidden transition between two spin sublevels of the ground state. Moreover, we demonstrate the robustness of the spin transition by introducing the detuning of driving microwave field. The acceleration and robustness is further confirmed by the comparison with two traditional Raman control schemes. Our results suggest invariant-based inverse engineering is powerful for fast and robust manipulation of NV system, and thus benefits quantum sensing and quantum computation based on the NV platform.
Shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) enables fast and robust coherent control of quantum system, which has been well placed in quantum technologies. In particular, inverse-engineering STA provides much more freedom for the optimization of shortcut, which alleviates the complexity for experimental realization. Here, we implement a STA technique, known as invariant-based inverse engineering, to speed up the adiabatic control of the electron triplet ground state of a single nitrogen-vacancy (N-VVV) center. The microwave pulses to drive inversely engineered STA are obtained with space-curve quantum control, where the evolution of spin transition is mapped to a three-dimensional closed space curve and the design of shortcut is obtained by optimization over the space curve. We demonstrate the fast and high-fidelity drive of dipole-forbidden transition between two spin sublevels of the ground state. Moreover, we demonstrate the robustness of the spin transition by introducing the detuning of driving microwave field. The acceleration and robustness is further confirmed by the comparison with two traditional Raman control schemes. Our results suggest invariant-based inverse engineering is powerful for fast and robust manipulation of N-VVV system, and thus benefits quantum sensing and quantum computation based on the N-VVV platform.
Shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) is a common protocol to realize high-fidelity and robust quantum control in various quantum systems. To date, STA has been widely applied in two- and three-level systems, whereas designing feasible strategies to achieve perfect quantum state engineering in multi-level systems still remains a challenging task. Here, we propose to use counterdiabatic (CD) driving and time-rescaling (TR) methods to construct multi-state stimulated Raman shortcut-to-adiabatic passage protocols for realizing robust and fast population transfer in chainwise-connected five-state systems. The first protocol is implemented by initially reducing the original five-state system to an equivalent two-state counterpart, and then designing the corresponding driving field by combining CD driving and unitary transformation. Further, we introduce the TR method to optimize the first protocol and thus offers an alternative solution. Numerical calculations show that both protocols can achieve complete population transfer and effectively suppress transient populations of all intermediate states. Compared with the first protocol, the optimized second exhibits better performance within a shorter evolution time.