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NASA STI/Recon Technical Report N

Conditions for sub-poissonian photon statistics in phase-conjugated resonance fluorescence

Henk F. Arnoldus, Thomas F. George

Published Sep 1, 1991• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Abstract Photon correlations and statistics of phase-conjugated resonance fluorescence of a two-state atom are considered. The Q -factor, as a function of the incident laser power, the detuning, the laser linewidth and the phase-conjugate reflectivity, have been calculated. It is shown that for small and large reflectivity the statistics is predominantly sub-poissonian. For unit reflectivity the statistics appears to be exactly poissonian ( Q = 0) for all values of the optical parameters.

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Physical Review Letters•Sep 24, 1990•14 citations
Abstract Photon correlations and statistics of phase-conjugated resonance fluorescence of a two-state atom are considered. The Q -factor, as a function of the incident laser power, the detuning, the laser linewidth and the phase-conjugate reflectivity, have been calculated. It is shown that for small and large reflectivity the statistics is predominantly sub-poissonian. For unit reflectivity the statistics appears to be exactly poissonian ( Q = 0) for all values of the optical parameters.
We study the conditions for sub-poissonian photon statistics and squeezed states in the field of resonance fluorescence of a two-state atom. These conditions as a function of the detuning from resonance, the linewidth and the Rabi frequency have some overlap, but they are largely complementary. Super-poissonian statistics arise for small linewidths and large detunings, irrespective of the Rabi frequency. Squeezed states require small linewidths and either low or moderate Rabi frequencies, or large detunings from resonance.
Abstract : Temporal photon correlations and photon count statistics of fluorescence radiation, emitted by an atom in the vicinity of a phase conjugator, are considered. The fluorescent intensity and the two-photon correlation function are expressed in terms of photon emission operators. An explicit evaluation shows their dependence on the phase-conjugate reflectivity of the surface. The variance of the photon count distribution for long counting times is expressed in terms of the Q-factor, which is evaluated as a function of the reflectivity. It appears that for a reflectivity larger than unity, the photon correlation displays antibunching and the statistics is sub-poissonian.
Spontaneous emission of fluorescence radiation by an atom near the surface of a four-wave mixing phase conjugator is considered. It is shown that the spectral photon distribution consists of two Lorentzians, which have their peaks symmetrically located at the two sides of the pump frequency ¯ω of the nonlinear crystal. With ω0 the atomic resonance, the line at 2¯ω−ω0 is more than twice as strong as the line at ω0. When the phase-conjugate reflectivity exceeds unity, the temporal photon distribution exhibits nonclassical behaviour. Then, antibunching of photons prevails, and the photon statistics are sub-Poissonian.
We have discussed the photon statistics of the spectral components of N-atom time-dependent resonance fluorescence. It is shown that in contrast to the stationary limit, sub-Poissonian photon statistics in the sidebands occur for any number N of atoms including the case N\ensuremath{\gg}1. Reduction in Mandel's parameters Q+1{\mathit{Q}}_{+1}Q+1​ is found with increasing numbers of atoms. The typical time for the presence of sub-Poissonian statistics is proportional to 1/N.
Photon-number statistics in resonance fluorescence is studied through the deflection of a beam of neon atoms in the metastable 3^{3}3P2{\mathit{P}}_{2}P2​ state by radiation pressure. An analysis of the deflection profile leads to experimental values for the Mandel Q parameter as a function of laser intensity and detuning for different laser polarizations. The results confirm the predicted predominantly sub-Poissonian statistics. Good agreement is demonstrated with the results of a Monte Carlo calculation based on a pure-state analysis of resonance fluorescence.