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Acta Sinica Quantum Optica

Influence of Coupling-Field Linewidth and Intensity on Absorption and Diffraction efficiency in a Doubly Degenerate Four-Level System

Yu Liu

Published Jan 1, 2014• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

Using density matrix equation,influence of the absorption(gain)of the probing field and diffraction efficiency of phase grating in a doubly degenerate four-level atomic system was calculated,under introducing laser field linewidth and intensities,and the variance of the probing field frequency and the variance of the ratio of coupling and probing field intensities,respectively.The results indicated that the increases of coupling field linewidth abates the atomic coherence in four-level system.When without considering(R=0)the coupling field linewidth,the gain and diffraction efficiency are larger than them when considering(R≠0)the coupling field linewidth.We found that the first-order diffraction efficiency of phase grating can reach up to 35%,when variance of the ratio of coupling and probing field intensitiesΩc/Ωp≈400.

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In addition to the suppressed absorption in the atomic resonance region, an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium also possess giant nonlinear dispersion which significantly affects the optical properties of the medium. In this work, we study the influence of third-order nonlinear susceptibility on electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) in a three-level V-type atomic medium. By applying stationary perturbation theory to the density matrix equations describing the time evolution of the quantum states of the system, we have found density matrix solutions to the third-order perturbation corresponding to the third-order susceptibility, and found the transmission function for the probe light. Using the Fourier transform of the transmission function, we can obtain the intensity distribution function of the EIG diffraction spectrum as a function of laser parameters and the atomic medium. To see the influence of third-order susceptibility on EIG diffraction spectrum, we have simulated EIG spectra in two cases with and without third-order susceptibility. We found that the first-order diffraction efficiency was significantly enhanced when third-order susceptibility was introduced.

Communications in Physics•Dec 15, 2024•0 citations
Using density matrix equation,influence of the absorption(gain)of the probing field and diffraction efficiency of phase grating in a doubly degenerate four-level atomic system was calculated,under introducing laser field linewidth and intensities,and the variance of the probing field frequency and the variance of the ratio of coupling and probing field intensities,respectively.The results indicated that the increases of coupling field linewidth abates the atomic coherence in four-level system.When without considering(R=0)the coupling field linewidth,the gain and diffraction efficiency are larger than them when considering(R≠0)the coupling field linewidth.We found that the first-order diffraction efficiency of phase grating can reach up to 35%,when variance of the ratio of coupling and probing field intensitiesΩc/Ωp≈400.
In this paper, we suggest a doubly degenerate four-level system, in which the transition takes place between the hyperfine energy 52S1/2 F = 1 and 52P3/2 F = 2 in rubidium 87 D2 line, for studying atomic phase grating based on the cross-Kerr and phase conjugation effects. The phase grating with high efficiency can be obtained by tuning phase shift Φ between the coupling and probe field, when the coupling intensity is much stronger than the strength of probe field. Under different coupling intensities, a high diffraction efficiency can be maintained. A new and simple way of implementing phase grating is presented. However, in such an atomic system, two main limitations must be taken into account. First, the independence between steady state probe susceptibility and the coupling intensity, when the population decay rate is larger than the Rabi frequency of the coupling field, cannot result in diffraction grating; second, the sample to be prepared should not be too long.
Using matrix equation,we have calculated the absorpion of the prople field in the four-level atomic system in which three transitions are in N configuration under introducing laser field linewidth.We have done researches on the effects of laser field linewidth on electromagnetically induced absorption.The results indicate that atomic coherence of the four-level atomic system will be abated when the laser field linewidth is build up and laser field linewidth inhibits electromagnetically induced absorption.
Abstract A probe laser beam can be completely absorbed in an atomic resonance frequency region, however, if a coupling laser beam is further applied to the atom, the atomic medium can exhibit electromagnetically induced transparency, i.e the probe beam can be completely transmitted through the atomic medium. Thus, if the coupling beam is a standing wave field with nodes and antinodes, it will cause in space a periodic modulation of the transmitted spectrum of the probe field. This means that the probe field propagates through the atomic medium just as it passes through a diffraction grating which is called electromagnetically induced grating. Based on amplitude or phase modulation of transmission function, the absorption grating or the phase grating can be formed, respectively. In this work, based on controllable absorption and dispersion properties of a three-level V-type atomic system, we study the control of the absorption grating and the phase grating with respect to the intensity and the frequency of the laser fields. The absorption diffraction pattern at the two-photon resonance is obtained, while the phase diffraction pattern appears when there is a frequency shift of either the coupling frequency or the probe frequency compared to the corresponding atomic resonance frequency. By adjusting the coupling or/and probe laser frequency, the absorption grating can be converted into the phase grating and the high-order diffraction efficiency can also be improved.
An electromagnetically induced phase grating controlled by spontaneous generated coherence (SGC) in a four-level N-type atomic system is studied. The results indicate that the diffraction efficiency of the phase grating is dramatically enhanced due to the existence of SGC, and an efficient electromagnetically induced phase grating can be obtained. A novel result is considerable improvement of the intensity of higher-order diffractions via relative phase between applied laser fields. Furthermore, it is found that the frequency detuning of the switching and coupling fields with the corresponding atomic transition, incoherent pumping, and the interaction length can improve the efficiency of the phase grating in the present atomic model.
In this paper, we have calculated the absorption of the probing field in a N-type four-level atomic system with three dipole transitions using density matrix equation. The results indicate that the absorption or amplification of the probing field depends on the Rabi phases of the control field and signal field under introducing laser field Rabi phase, and the absorption or amplification periodically changes with the Rabi phases of the control field and the signal field at a period of 2π. The Rabi phase change of the probe field has no effect on the absorption. In addition, the effect of the signal field Rabi phase on absorption is the same as that of the control field Rabi phase on absorption. Rabi phase has an effect mainly on atomic coherence but little on atomic population.
In addition to the suppressed absorption in the atomic resonance region, an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) medium also possess giant nonlinear dispersion which significantly affects the optical properties of the medium. In this work, we study the influence of third-order nonlinear susceptibility on electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) in a three-level V-type atomic medium. By applying stationary perturbation theory to the density matrix equations describing the time evolution of the quantum states of the system, we have found density matrix solutions to the third-order perturbation corresponding to the third-order susceptibility, and found the transmission function for the probe light. Using the Fourier transform of the transmission function, we can obtain the intensity distribution function of the EIG diffraction spectrum as a function of laser parameters and the atomic medium. To see the influence of third-order susceptibility on EIG diffraction spectrum, we have simulated EIG spectra in two cases with and without third-order susceptibility. We found that the first-order diffraction efficiency was significantly enhanced when third-order susceptibility was introduced.