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Journal of the Optical Society of America B

Efficient electromagnetically induced phase grating via quantum interference in a four-level N-type atomic system

Tayebeh Naseri, Rasoul Sadighi‐Bonabi

Published Sep 19, 2014• 39 citations
Publisher

Abstract

An electromagnetically induced phase grating controlled by spontaneous generated coherence (SGC) in a four-level N-type atomic system is studied. The results indicate that the diffraction efficiency of the phase grating is dramatically enhanced due to the existence of SGC, and an efficient electromagnetically induced phase grating can be obtained. A novel result is considerable improvement of the intensity of higher-order diffractions via relative phase between applied laser fields. Furthermore, it is found that the frequency detuning of the switching and coupling fields with the corresponding atomic transition, incoherent pumping, and the interaction length can improve the efficiency of the phase grating in the present atomic model.

DOI
10.1364/josab.31.002430

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An electromagnetically induced phase grating controlled by spontaneous generated coherence (SGC) in a four-level N-type atomic system is studied. The results indicate that the diffraction efficiency of the phase grating is dramatically enhanced due to the existence of SGC, and an efficient electromagnetically induced phase grating can be obtained. A novel result is considerable improvement of the intensity of higher-order diffractions via relative phase between applied laser fields. Furthermore, it is found that the frequency detuning of the switching and coupling fields with the corresponding atomic transition, incoherent pumping, and the interaction length can improve the efficiency of the phase grating in the present atomic model.
Abstract We study the electromagnetically induced grating in a four-level N-type atomic system in the presence of Kerr field, spontaneously generated coherence (SGC), and Doppler broadening. The transmission and diffraction intensity of the probe light is controlled through the Kerr field and the SGC. The gradual increase of the Kerr field and the SGC in the presence of a Doppler broadened medium leads to the enhanced multiple transmission and intensity peaks of the probe light. The electromagnetically induced grating may find applications in a quantized probe field, all-optical switching, routing, and light storage devices.
A new scheme for investigating electromagnetically induced grating in four-level cascade-type of 87Rb cold atoms is presented. The novel result indicates that the diffraction efficiency of phase grating is dramatically enhanced due to the presence of an RF-driven field and a diffraction efficiency up to 34% can be obtained. Furthermore, it is found that the frequency detuning of the applied laser fields with the corresponding atomic transition and the interaction length can improve the efficiency of the phase grating in the present atomic model. This work has potential applications in all-optical communication processes.
An electromagnetically induced phase grating (EIG) controlled by coherent population trapping (CPT) in a four-level Y-type atomic system is studied. The CPT condition promotes significantly the dispersion of light into the first-order diffraction in constructing a phase modulation grating by transferring energy from zero-order to first-order diffraction. The diffraction efficiency of the phase grating is enhanced by up to 30% of the total probe intensity at the first-order diffraction. The present atomic scheme takes full advantage of the microwave-driven field for generating the EIG, which induces the quantum coherence and controls linear and nonlinear behaviors of the present system. Furthermore, it is noticed that the higher-order diffraction intensities are improved via a microwave-driven field and the phase and amplitude of the microwave field can improve the efficiency of the phase grating. These novel results could find potential applications in developing new photonic devices, such as all-optical switching at low light levels.
By investigating the third-order nonlinearity of a four-level ladder-type atomic system, it is found that, with spontaneously generated coherence (SGC) present, the nonlinear absorption or refraction can be significantly enhanced with vanishing linear absorption. We attribute the enhancement of nonlinearity mainly to quantum interference in the two decay pathways from the two upper closely lying levels. With a standing-wave trigger field, absorption or phase grating, which effectively diffracts a weak probe into high-order direction, can be induced by the SGC-enhanced absorptive or refractive nonlinear modulation. In contrast to the schemes for enhancing nonlinearity, no additional coupling field is required. Moreover, the present gratings result from the nonlinear modulation, which differs from the recent investigations based on linear modulation.
Abstract We proposed a theoretical scheme for two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) in a closed-loop four-level atomic system driven by a weak probe field, a traveling-wave control field, two orthogonal standing-wave fields and a microwave field. Due to low amplitude modulation accompanied with large phase modulation, EIG can be obtained and the probe energy can be diffracted into first-order and even high-order directions with high efficiency. The results show that the diffraction pattern and efficiency of the EIG could be adjusted effectively by the probe field detuning, the coherent field intensity, the interaction length. Meanwhile, the quantum interference between the amplitude modulation and phase modulation can be manipulated by the relative phase, which can be used to regulate the diffraction pattern and efficiency of the 2D EIG. Our scheme of 2D EIG may be useful in beam splitting and all-optical switching.
We propose a scheme for generating an electromagnetically induced grating in a three-level Λ-type atomic system via multicolor coherence. Using the multicolour coupling field, the diffraction intensity of grating, especially the first-order diffraction can be significantly enhanced. The diffraction efficiency of grating can be controlled by changing the sum of the phases and the intensity of sidebands in the trichromatic driving field, and detuning the probe field frequency. This work may be useful for designing novel photonic devices for quantum information processing, quantum networking and optical imaging.