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中国科学通报：英文版

Temperature dependence of niobium superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors in He-3 cryocooler

Tao -, Jia Jia, Chao, Wan , Limin Limin, Zhao, Yu, Zhou, Qingyuan, Min, Gu, Xiaoqing, Labao, Zhang, Biaobing, Jin, Jian JIAN, Chen

Published Jan 1, 2014• 0 citations
OpenAlex

Abstract

材料强烈取决于操作温度。我们基于做的铌制作了红外线敏感的铌 SNSPD (Nb *) 电影并且在 He-3 cryocooler 测量了他们。批评水流在 0.3 点来临到配对 de 水流 ? K。与在温度的减少，因此，我们在 1,521 的波长观察了计数率的单调的增加 ? nm 和黑暗计数率的指数的减少根本偏导水流。为做的 Nb 设备的黑暗计数的可能的起源也被讨论。

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材料强烈取决于操作温度。我们基于做的铌制作了红外线敏感的铌 SNSPD (Nb *) 电影并且在 He-3 cryocooler 测量了他们。批评水流在 0.3 点来临到配对 de 水流 ? K。与在温度的减少，因此，我们在 1,521 的波长观察了计数率的单调的增加 ? nm 和黑暗计数率的指数的减少根本偏导水流。为做的 Nb 设备的黑暗计数的可能的起源也被讨论。
我们开发了超导的 nanowire 单个光子的察觉(SNSPD ) 系统基于为量通讯应用程序的 Gifford-McMahon cryocooler。可以影响系统表演的环境因素强烈地被学习。那些因素包括温度变化，周围的磁场和背景放射。由优化偏爱电路，到电的噪音和骚乱的 SNSPD 系统的稳定性有效地被提高，因此为领域申请使它更合适。有以为 =1550 nm 的 10 Hz 的黑暗计数率的比 4% 高的量效率的 A 4 隧道 SNSPD 系统集成于量钥匙分布(QKD ) 、适用实验。QKD 成功地在有 1.6 kbps 和量的最后的安全的关键率的光纤维咬了的 100 km 上被执行不到 2% 的错误率。
Abstract We report herein the development of a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) that uses a hybrid cryocooler compatible with space applications. The hybrid cryocooler incorporates a two-stage high-frequency pulse-tube cryocooler and a Joule–Thomson loop, which produces a minimum temperature of 2.2 K. The SNSPD with the structure of sandwiched nanowires integrated in the cryocooler shows a maximum detection efficiency of 93% at 1550 nm, which makes it promising for deep-space communications and quantum information applications.
Increasing the detection efficiency (DE) is a hot issue in the development of the superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD). In this work, a cavity-integrated structure coupled to the SNSPD is used to enhance the light absorption of nanowire. Ultra-thin Nb films are successfully prepared by magnetron sputtering, which are used to fabricate Nb/Al SNSPD with the curve of 100 nm and the square area of 4 × 4 μm 2 by sputtering and the lift-off method. To characterize the optical and electrical performance of the cavity-integrated SNSPD, a reliable cryogenic research system is built up based on a He 3 system. To satisfy the need of light coupling, a packaging structure with collimator is conducted. Both DE and the dark count rates increase with l b . It is also found that the DE of SNSPD with cavities can be up to 0.17% at the temperature of 0.7K under the infrared light of 1550 nm, which is obviously higher than that of the SNSPD directly fabricated upon silicon without any cavity structure.