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Acta Physica Sinica

Laser cooling of rubidium atoms in an integrating sphere

Hongyu Ma, Cheng Hua-Dong, Wenzhuo Zhang, Liang Liu, Yuzhu Wang, (1)中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所量子光学重点实验室，上海 201800; (2)中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所量子光学重点实验室，上海 201800；中国科学院研究生院,北京 100049

Published Jan 1, 2009• 2 citations

Abstract

In this paper, the theory of atomic cooling in an integrating sphere is studied. During designing an integrating sphere system, the effects of the parameters of the sphere on the cooling, including the reflectivity of the material, the shape of the sphere and holes in the sphere have been considered carefully. The experiment of 87Rb atomic cooling in an integrating sphere was performed. The experimental results show that the atoms in the integrating sphere are cooled down evidently. And the relation between the detuning of the cooling laser and the absorption signal of cold atoms was measured.

DOI: 10.7498/aps.58.1569

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In this paper we describe an experiment on laser cooling of

^{87}\mathrm{Rb}

atoms directly from a vapor background in diffuse light. Diffuse light is produced in a ceramic integrating sphere by multiple scattering of two laser beams injected through multimode fibers. A probe beam, whose propagation direction is either horizontal or vertical, is used to detect cold atoms. We measured the absorption spectra of the cold atoms by scanning the frequency of the probe beam, and observed both the absorption signal and the time of flight signal after we switched off the cooling light, from which we estimated the temperature and the number of cold atoms. This method is clearly attractive for building a compact cold atom clock.

Cold 87Rb atom's loading in an integrating sphere with diffuse light is analyzed theoretically and experimentally. The experimental results show that diffuse light cooling has the greatest efficiency to cool the most atoms when the red detuning between the frequencies of cooling light and atom transition is about 3.3\Γ (Γ is the natural linewidth, 6.065 MHz). Theoretical analysis using rate equation and numerical calculations on the cold atom number and loading time agree with the experimental results. This integrating sphere cooling would be a novel method for cooling atoms and lead to a new and robust cold atom source for atomic clock.